10 HAPPY INDIA 



PAOB 



necessarily bad, but some are worse than others Scope 

 in India for all the energy of the people in combating 

 natural difficulties of soil and climate and utilising enor- 

 mous natural resources. 



CHAPTER XI 118 



Preventable diseases in India Cholera due to defective 

 water supply Plague due to insanitary huts Small-pox 

 due to insanitary conditions and starvation Vaccination 

 useless Dysentery, various kinds of unhealthy con- 

 ditions "Fevers"; malaria killed 11,000,000 people 

 in 1918 Kills on an average 4,000,000 a year or more 

 " Fevers " debilitate the entire population in malarious 

 districts Dr. Sir Ronald Ross Mosquito transmits 

 malaria Panama Canal made healthy by destruction of 

 mosquitoes Ross's teaching successfully adopted in 

 other places Example near Madras Quinine a failure 

 If Indian Government gave the necessary orders to staff 

 of engineers, malaria would be greatly reduced, perhaps 

 abolished Draining of swamps, ponds, excavations 

 Eastern Bengal free from malaria because of floods 

 bringing manurial silt and people in consequence well 

 fed Western Bengal, in parts where strong river embank- 

 ments made to protect the railways, prevent flooding and 

 consequent enrichment of soil by flooding ; malaria pre- 

 vails to a serious extent Mosquitoes prevented on some 

 Malay rubber estates Mosquitoes object to muddy water 

 Government should order the engineers to stop this 

 malaria, and supply them with the requisite funds, or else 

 the Government should resign. 



CHAPTER XII 



Population question Tables showing population and its 

 increase every ten years Early marriage and tendency 

 to rapid increase Tendency checked by fevers and 

 other diseases Agricultural population cannot increase 

 so readily as a manufacturing population The leaders 

 and teachers must impress on the people the need of 



