HAPPY INDIA 79 



(a maund is about 82 Ib.) of cowdung, that is rather 

 less than 4 tons per acre, was applied, the amount of 

 grain was increased to 3,556 Ib., and the straw to 4,479 

 Ib. When, instead of cowdung, bone-meal 3 maunds, 

 and saltpetre 30 seers, were given, the amount of grain 

 rose to 4,389 Ib., and straw to 6,178 Ib. per acre. 



This shows the immense results that may be got 

 by manuring. But, of course, it will be understood 

 that the results obtained by the application of bone- 

 meal and saltpetre could not be repeated year after 

 year without great additional quantities of manure, 

 because this enormous crop would take out of the 

 land many necessary constituents which the quanti- 

 ties of manure above given do not supply. It 

 probably would be necessary to add potash, perhaps 

 lime, and probably it would be necessary to add 

 ordinary farmyard manure. Still, we see that by 

 suitable manure a crop was increased threefold, and 

 we must bear in mind that this threefold crop is 

 FIVEFOLD the average crop of India. 



On page 260 Mr. Kenny gives experiments with 

 paddy on Mr. D. S. Newman's Dry Land, Ranipet. 

 When the land was not manured the yield of grain 

 was 1,084 Ib., and of straw 7^ cwt. On one acre 

 of land manured with ashes 2 tons, bone-meal 

 8 cwt., cattle manure 12 tons, at a cost of 25 rupees 

 (sic), the grain (paddy) obtained was 3,484 Ib., and 

 the straw 22 cwt. On an adjoining plot of one 

 acre that was not itself manured, but was enriched 

 by the flow of water from the manured land, the 

 grain recovered was 2,216 Ib., and the straw 14 cwt. 



