98 HAPPY INDIA 



from land and water, which includes the production 

 from the mines, there is the value of the manufacturing 

 produce. I have made a rough estimate of this. 

 Of the working population that produce new things, 

 nine out of ten are engaged in agriculture or kindred 

 work, the tenth is engaged in manufacture. Well, 

 I say that those who are engaged in manufacturing 

 have the aid of the steam-engine and of science 

 to help their produce, and therefore it is highly 

 probable that as regards pecuniary value their work 

 per head is twice that of an agriculturalist. There- 

 fore this one-tenth can do work of the value of one- 

 fifth, and therefore if the production from the land 

 worker is 1,585,000,000, I give one-fifth of that, 

 or 317,000,000, as the value of the production of 

 the manufacturing worker. This manufacture in- 

 cludes corn mills, tobacco mills, sugar mills, spinning, 

 weaving, dyeing, iron-working, brass-working, build- 

 ing, and many other things. Adding this manufac- 

 turing value to the agricultural value, I get a total 

 production of 1,900,000,000 worth, or adopting 

 the figures in Table VII, 1,902,936,000 worth, for 

 the work of the population of 247,000,000 people 

 who are under the direct British Government. This 

 gives a value per head of about 7*6, or 7 i2s. a year, 

 or five pence a day for every day in the year for 

 every man, woman, and child. 



Taking the wealth production in the United 

 Kingdom in the year 1920 as 2,500,000,000 and 

 the population as 47,000,000, that would give for 

 that year a production per head of about 53, or 

 nearly eight times as much as the Indian income 



