HAPPY INDIA 129 



and so provide material to fill up the hole to a height 

 from which i| can be drained by a trench cut from 

 a lower level. If there is no lower level and no 

 material to fill up the hole, then drainage must be 

 effected as in England and Holland by pumps worked 

 by windmills or other power, such as steam-engines, 

 oil-engines, or hydro-electric. The same way in 

 dealing with natural swamps : they may be drained 

 by means of trenches. 



In some countries, following the advice of Dr. 

 Ross, malaria has been eradicated by hunting the 

 mosquitoes and so driving them out of the district. 

 Where there is a large population willing to work 

 this is quite possible. In places where it is impossible 

 to remove the mosquitoes, or where the work is in 

 progress, it might be possible to reduce the amount 

 of disease by the supply of mosquito nets. No doubt 

 the greater part of the labouring population are too 

 poor to buy these nets, and they might be supplied 

 at the expense of the Government. 



But this treatise was not written in order to show 

 in detail exactly how this malaria is to be stamped 

 out. I only venture to point out some ways in which 

 this work might be begun, probably with great 

 effect, and it is only necessary for the rulers of India 

 to give their minds to the consideration of such 

 a subject. If only they could give their minds to 

 these questions which concern the lives and health 

 and well-being of the people instead of wasting their 

 energies on other matters of no importance, India 

 might be made a sanatorium at any rate I have 



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