CHRONIC DISEASES OF THE AIR-PASSAGES, 133 



Camplior 1 dr. 



Tartiirized antimony 1 dr. 



Digitalis ^ dr. 



Powdered squill 1 dr. 



To be made into a ball with treacle. 



The diet during this time should principally consist of mashes 

 and succulent food, and the hay and corn should be free from 

 dust, and wetted before it be given. In obstinate cases the in- 

 sertion of a small seton between the jaws has been productive of 

 great service. — Ed.] 



Broken Wind. 



[Horses with broken wind ai'e usually called Pipers by horse 

 dealers. 



The symptoms of a badly broken-winded horse are readily 

 perceptible ; the peculiar catching of the flanks is seen by the 

 common observer. There is in fact a double expiration to each 

 single inspiration ; the horse readily draws in his breath, but has 

 a difficulty in forcing it out, and the abdominal muscles are 

 called on to assist the operation in a much greater degree than 

 in a state of health. 



The respiration is also quicker than natural, and there is 

 genei'ally a peculiar short cough. This cough in mild cases may 

 be slight, but in bad cases it is extremely distressing, continuing 

 perhaps almost incessantly for half an hour together. 



The symptoms may ra})idly get worse, until a horse is unfitted 

 for any thing but slow work ; or they may continue in the same 

 state for years, during which the animal is capable of doing a 

 good deal of work. 



It is very common for the symptoms in draught horses to ap- 

 pear suddenly, particularly if the animal is worked severely on 

 a full stomach. 



We find this affection more frequently in cart horses than in 

 any others. 



On the dissection of broken-winded horses, Ave notice the 

 lungs to be considerably larger than in a healthy state, and 

 much whiter on the surface. On cutting into them, we find that 

 their increased volume is owino- to air extravasated under the 

 membrane which invests them. The air-cells are supposed to 

 have been ruptured, so as to have admitted the escape of the 

 inspired air, which is thus easily drawn into the lungs, but has 

 much greater difficulty in escaping. 



The membrane lining the bronchial passages is also generally 

 found in an unnatural state, beinsr much thicker than in a state 

 of health, and this circumstance is considered to account for the 

 cough that attends the disease. 



K \) 



