DISEASES OF THE STOMACH AND BOWELS. 143 



case; but there is this obvious difFerence, — the breathing, although 

 quickened and laborious, is less frequent than in pneumonia ; 

 the pulse, notwithstanding it is quick and intermittent, is not so 

 much oppressed; the sub-maxillary artery is more dilated, the 

 flow of blood through the jugular is more current; the mem- 

 branes of the eye and nostrils are less injected ; the surface of the 

 body and extremities is of a moderate warmth, and these last 

 symptoms are present when the respiration is exceedingly 

 difficult and laborious. Copious bleeding does not cause that 

 change in the character of the pulse, nor afford comparative 

 relief to the respiration." 



There are one or two cases on record of ossification of the 

 substance of the heart. Ossification of the valves is still more 

 frequent, though by no means so common as in the human 

 subject. A case of the kind has recently been brought before 

 the writer's notice, and was likely at one time to have led to 

 litigation. 



Carditis, or inflammation of the heart, is exceedingly rare in 

 the horse, and is always connected with other disease. 



The heart, in a few instances, has been ruptured ; in one case 

 from severe exertion, and in another from previous ulceration. 



Aneurism of the aorta and other arteries has been discovered 

 in tlie horse, but is by no means so frequent as in the human 

 subject. 



Little can be stated by tlie way of treatment for the foregoing 

 diseases. They have generally existed some time previous to 

 the requisition for medical assistance, and there is generally an 

 inability for bearing extensive bloodletting. The treatment, 

 however, must be altogether adapted to the symptoms that may 

 present themselves, and regulated by the principles before men- 

 tioned. — Ed.] 



CHAP. XXXI. 



DISEASES OF THE STOMACH AND BOAVELS. 



Injlammation of the Stomach, Gastritis. 



Acute Inflammation seldom takes place in the stomach but from 

 swallowing poisons, or some powerful stimulant, at a time when 

 this important organ is already in a morbid or irritable state. 

 ]\Ir. James Clarke relates a case where a horse was destroyed by 

 inflammation of the stomach. In consequence of being drenched 

 with a pint of vinegar; and another in which the same fatal 

 effect was produced by a drench which contained half an ounce 



