224 DISEASES OF THE HOUSE. 



hand, when a large opening is made in the skin of a sound horse, 

 and a piece of tow or lint, soaked in glanderous matter, put into 

 it, in the manner that rowels are inserted, the disorder is com- 

 municated in so violent a degree that the animal is generally 

 destroyed by it in a few days. The same effect is produced when 

 glanderous matter, mixed with a little warm water, is injected 

 into the jugular vein of a sound horse. 



A horse affected with glanders may inoculate liimself, and 

 thereby produce the farcy. I have known this happen to a horse 

 while at grass. The horse had an itchinni; in the hind les, which 

 led him to rub and bite the part, and, at the same time, rub on 

 it the glanderous matter which flowed from his nostril. The 

 possibility of this circumstance taking place may be easily proved 

 by inoculating a glandered horse, in any part of his body, with 

 some of his own matter. There are many ways in which a 

 sound horse may bo accidentally inoculated with the matter of 

 glanders, for the slightest scratch in any part of the body is 

 sufficieiit. Horses that are cleaned with a curry-comb are very 

 liable to be scratched in those parts where the bones are pro- 

 minent, such as the inside of the hock and knee, the shank bones, 

 and the head. To such scratches glanderous matter may be 

 applied by the hands of the groom after he has been examining 

 the nose of a glandered horse, or wiping off the matter from his 

 nostrils ; or by the horse himself transferring glanderous matter 

 from the nose of a diseased horse, or from the manger, or other 

 part where any matter has been deposited, for horses are very 

 fond of rubbing their noses against the manger or stall, and a 

 glandered horse will genei'ally try to rab off the matter from his 

 nose against the manger, the rack, the stall, or against another 

 horse ; and, if a sound horse happened to stand by one that is 

 glandered, they will often be seen nabbing or gently biting each 

 other, or rubbing noses. In short, having proved that glanders 

 is thus communicated, we can conceive a variety of ways in which 

 a horse may be accidentally inoculated. When a horse has been 

 twitched, he generally rubs his nose and lips with considerable 

 force against the manger, and may thus easily inoculate himself 

 with a glandered s[)linter. Now, the parts where the local farcy 

 first appears are those most likely to be accidentally inoculated, 

 that is, the inside of the hocks and knees, the shanks, the lips, 

 the under jaw, where grooms are often trimming off the long 

 hair with sharp-pointed scissors, or singeing them with a candle, 

 and often causing an itching, which makes the horse rub the 

 part against the manger. In this way the heels also are often 

 wounded. Horses that are too hio-hlv fed and little worked are 

 liable to itchinof humours, which make them nal) or bite their 

 skin, and scratch the hind leg with the opposite foot ; and we 



