226 DISEASES OF THE HORSE. 



that had the glanders. The former caught the disease In fifty- 

 two days, the other in three months. A horse thirteen years 

 old, very lean, was made to drink the same water out of the 

 same pail with a horse that had the glanders, and continued so 

 to do for two months ; he did not catch the disorder. A horse 

 nine years old, in tolerable condition, was placed by a horse that 

 had the glanders in the last stage of the disorder : he caught it 

 at the end of forty-three days. IM. St. Bel's trials by inoculation 

 were attended with a different result, which I am at a loss to 

 account for ; as I have clearly proved, by numerous experiments, 

 that glanders may be communicated almost with certainty by 

 inoculation, especially to young asses. Old horses appear to offer 

 the greatest resistance to it, both by the way of inoculation and 

 by swallowing the matter. M. St. Bel inoculated three old 

 horses with glanderous matter, and they all escaped. He adds, 

 this experiment was repeated on various horses of all ages, 

 without producing any effect. It was also performed on an ox, 

 a sheep, and a dog, without impairing in the least the health of 

 these animals. I have known a horse, fifteen years old, stand 

 by the side of a glandered horse, constantly feeding, drinking, 

 and working with him for many months, without catching the 

 disorder; and I had occasion to inoculate another old horse 

 several times before I could produce the disease, and at last it 

 was about three months before the glanders took place In him. 

 In younger horses, and especially in asses, the disease is pro- 

 duced with great cei'talnty by inoculation. In doubtful cases, 

 that is, when there is much difficulty in determining whether 

 the discharge from a horse's nostril is glanderous or not, and 

 such cases often occur, I have for some time made use of a 

 young ass, which costs only a few shillings, in order to decide 

 the point beyond all possibility of mistake. If the matter is 

 really glanderous, a peculiar kind of sore or chancre will be 

 produced by inoculating the young ass with It In any part of the 

 body. From this ulcer, corded lymphatics or veins, as they are 

 termed, will proceed, and farcy buds or small tumours will take 

 place. After a week or two the animal will begin to run at the 

 nose ; and then, in a short time, he will be completely glandered. 

 The disease in this animal is almost always quickly fatal. If the 

 matter Is not glanderous, no effect whatever will be produced by 

 it. In the army, and In establishments where many horses are 

 kept, this will be found a valuable test for determining with 

 certainty the nature of a discharge from the nostril. However 

 mild the glanders may be, though no kind of ulceration can be 

 seen within the nostril, and the quantity of matter discharged Is 

 but small, and the animal In good health and condition, the ass 

 will be as certainly infected by the matter as if the disease were 

 in the last stage, or in the most virulent degi'ee. 



