AND PnARMACOrCEIA. 409 



ounce and a half daily. It distressed the animals extremely, 

 without producing; any good effect upon farcy sores. Being 

 satisfied of its inefificacy as a remedy for the disease, as well as of 

 its deleterious quality, it was discontinued, and the poor animals 

 were killed. Mr. Coleman gave it a trial, and was so satisfied, 

 after a few experiments, of its being merely a poison with regard 

 to the horse, that he has never repeated the experiment. 



ACORUS CALAMUS. Sweet Flag. This is found in 

 most parts of Europe, growing in marshes or streams of water. 

 It flowers in May and June, and is an excellent stomachic. Its 

 dose in powder is from one to two ounces, mixed with bran or 

 honey ; as an infusion from four to six ounces may be given 

 with two quarts of water. 



ADEPS. Hog's Lard. Lard is emollient, and is chiefly 

 used in the composition of ointments. If long exposed to warm 

 air it attracts oxygen from the atmosphere, for which it has a 

 strong affinity, and becomes rancid. 



AlE. As the health of horses materially depends upon the 

 salubrity of the air in which they are kept, it is probable that 

 many of their diseases arises from the little attention that is paid 

 to the ventilation of stables. It has been said that even the 

 glanders, a fatal and contagious disease, has been generated by 

 confining horses in an impure air. It is a common practice with 

 grooms, particularly those who fancy themselves profoundly 

 skilled in the art of farriery, to stop every crevice they can find 

 in the stable, so that pure air is with difficulty admitted ; and the 

 noxious vapours arising from the litter, from perspiration and 

 respiration, are in a great measure confined. Horses thus 

 situated must necessarily suffer in a greater or less degree ; and 

 though the air may not be so contaminated as to occasion fatal 

 diseases, it is sufficiently so to debilitate the constitution, and 

 thereby lay a foundation for numerous complaints, as well as to 

 create local diseases, such as inflamed eyes, obstinate coughs, 

 and perhaps moon blindness, as it is termed. Horses that have 

 weak eyes and lungs are sure to be injured by this treatment. 

 Another inconvenience arising from it is that of rendering a horse 

 very susceptible of cold. Ventilation is, therefore, an object of 

 great importance in the construction of stables ; and is most con- 

 veniently obtained by making proper apertures in the ceiling, com- 

 municatnigwith the external air; or by means of windows, adapted 

 to the form and size of the stable. It is a bad method of ventila- 

 tion to leave the upper parts of the racks open, so as to commu- 

 nicate with the roof of the building, as a current of air is thereby 

 produced in a stall, over the horse's head. The litter should not 

 be suffered to remain in the stall during the day, but be removed 

 to some open place and well shaken, that the ammoniacal 

 vapours it affords may be thoroughly dissipated. Should it be 



