AND PnARMACOP(EIA. 445 



preparations. When prepared It is a fine white powder, ratlier 

 inclining to yellow, and very ponderous. It is the most efficacious 

 anthelmintic we are acquainted with (see Anthelmintics), and 

 an excellent alterative. AVhen a brisk purgative is wanted, calo- 

 mel may be added to the common physic, which is composed 

 chiefly of aloes. 



Though calomel possesses these useful qualities, it must be given 

 with caution, and its effects carefully watched; as it sometimes 

 acts very violently and unexpectedly on the stomach and bowels, 

 and induces a dangerous degree of weakness. Salivation is some- 

 times the effect of calomel when given daily as an alterative, or 

 as a remedy for farcy or mange ; the mouth becoming so sore, 

 and the tongue so swollen, as to prevent the horse's feeding. 

 When these accidents occur, the medicine should be discon- 

 tinued a short time, and the horse allowed to drink plentifully of 

 water-gruel, linseed infusion, or any other mucilaginous drink. 

 When the bowels are aftected by it, opium is the best remedy, 

 should arrow-root gruel or wheat flour gruel prove ineffectual. 

 In some cases, where it has produced great irritation about the 

 anus or bladder, opium should be given in the form qf glyster. 

 (See Glysters.) If the mouth becomes very sore, let it be 

 washed with a solution of alum by means of a syringe. 



Whenever calomel is given, the horse must be kept warm, 

 drink warm water, and iiave regular exercise. AVhen calomel is 

 given as an anthelmintic, or as a purgative, the dose is from one 

 to two di'achms ; as an alterative, from fifteen grains to half a 

 drachm. Calomel, combined with diuretics, increases their action 

 upon the kidneys, and, when joined with sudorifics, augments 

 their diaphoretic effects. * 



COLUMBA ROOT. — Columhcc Radix. A good tonic and 

 stomachic, generally joined with an aromatic and sometimes with 

 rhubarb. The dose about two or three drachms. 



CAMOMILE. — Anthemis. A bitter herb, the flowers of 

 which are employed in fomentations. No other use is made of 

 camomile in veterinary practice. 



CAMPIIOK. — Campliora. There are two species of cam- 

 phor, the one produced by a species of laurel, wdiich is a native 

 of North America, China, and Japan ; the other found in masses 

 in the trunk of a tree which grows principally on the north- 

 western coast of Sumatra. It was formerly purified by the 

 Venetians and Dutch, but this process it now undergoes to a 

 very considerable extent in this country. 



Canq^hor is a medicine of considerable efficacy in the diseases 



* It is given in most diseases of the liver, its irrltcating properties being 

 Tuarded against by the addition of opium, which combination has been also 

 administered in inflammation of the bowels. — Ed. 



& 



