AND PHARMACOPCEIA. 483 



inconvenience, that degree of exertion, and velocity of motion, 

 for which he is wanted. Exercise not only prevents disease, but 

 materially assists in the cure of many : thus, in swellings of the 

 heels and legs, grease, inflamed eyes, &c., medicine, without 

 proper exercise, seldom effects a cure. 



EXPECTOIIANTS. Medicines that increase the discharge 

 of mucus from the lungs, and thereby relieve cough and diffi- 

 culty of breathing. There are many medicines which produce 

 this effect in the human bodv ; but in the horse the action of 

 expectorants is not so perceptible. Some of the medicines, how- 

 ever, termed expectorants, prove serviceable in the horse, by 

 relieving or curing cough and difficulty in breathing, or what is 

 termed tiiickness of wind ; among these are squill, and gum 

 ammoniacum ; both which I have often found beneficial in those 

 complaints. But the medicines I have found most useful in 

 chronic cough and asthma, or broken wind, are mild diuretics 

 joined with cordials. I have known the occasional use of cor- 

 dial diuretics, when the horse's diet is carefully attended to, not 

 only relieve but apparently cure broken wind ; but the horse's 

 work should be modei'ate, and so conducted as not to interfere 

 with digestion. 



Gum ammoniacum 2 ozs. 



Powdered squills 1 oz. 



Powdered opium 2 oz. 



Powdered ginger 1 oz. 



Powdered allspice 1 oz. 



Oil of anise- seeds 2 ^z. 



Balsam of sulphur 4 ozs. 



Castile soap, softened by being 



beaten up with a little syrup 2 oz. 



To be beaten into a mass fit for making balls. The dose, from 

 one ounce to one ounce and a half daily, or twice a day. 



EXTRACTS. — Extracta. These are made by boiling the 

 substance whose virtues are to be extracted, in distilled water, 

 pressing out the decoction, straining it, and setting it aside in 

 order that the fasces may subside ; after which it is again boiled 

 in a water bath, saturated with sea salt, until it acquire a proper 

 consistence. In this manner are made the extracts of aloes, 

 gentian root, white po])py heads, liquorice, &c. 



EYE- WATER. See Colltrium. 



FEBRIFUGE. A term given to medicines that moderate 

 or lessen the violence of fever. 



Camphor 1 to 2 drs. 



Nitre 3 to 6 drs. 



Tartarized antimony ... 1 dr. 



Flour and treacle or syrup enough to form the ball. 



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