540 MATERIA MEDICA 



is most commonly the cause of this disordered state of the diges- 

 tive organs ; too often assisted by immoderate work and general 

 ill-treatment. 



STOPPING, for the feet. A mixture of clay and cow-dung, 

 or either of these separately, is commonly used for this purpose ; 

 and, by keeping the bottoms or soles of the feet moist and cool, 

 often do good. In soles that are too thin and soft, or for the 

 frogs when in that state, the following composition is more 

 proper — 



Tallow and tar, of each, 1 lb. 



To be mixed by melting together. 



Mr. Goodwin has contrived a kind of boot for keeping the feet 

 cool and moist, as well as for applying the above composition ; 

 and Mr. Cherry, of Clapham, has recommended a piece of firmly 

 compressed felt or sponge, to be cut to the size of the sole of the 

 foot, and inserted within the shoe, after which it is to be wetted 

 with cold water ; this, by causing it to expand, will prevent it 

 from falling out. Linseed meal forms a good stopping. 



STRYCHNIA. See Nux Vomica. 



STYPTICS are medicines which constrinsre the blood-vessels 

 v.hen wounded, so as to stop an effusion of blood. Many pre- 

 parations have been recommended for this purpose : but when 

 the size of the wounded vessel is at all considerable, an adequate 

 degree of pressure by means of bolsters and bandages should 

 rather be depended upon ; and when that cannot be done, the 

 vessel must be tied up above the wound and below, by which the 

 bleeding will be effectually suppressed. No danger is to be ap- 

 prehended from slight bleedings in the horse, as they always 

 cease spontaneously. 



The styptics commonly employed are oil of turpentine, di- 

 luted vitriolic acid, muriate of iron, absorbent earths, and flour. 



SUBLIMATE, COREOSIVE. Oxymuriate of Quick- 

 silver. — Hydrargyri Oxymurias. New name, Bichloride of 

 Mercury. — Hydrargyri BicMoridum. This is by far the strong- 

 est of the mercurial preparations, and requires to be used with 

 great caution. It has been employed with success in farcy : and 

 in one instance I have seen it cui-e the glanders ; but the horse 

 Avas shot soon after, therefore it is uncertain whether the cure 

 was permanent or not. In many cases of farcy that were su])posed 

 to be cured by sublimate, aided by external applications, I have 

 seen the glanders break out after an interval of a few weeks or 

 even month?. The dose of sublimate is from eight to ten, 

 twelve, or fifteen grains, given daily, until the desired effect is 

 produced, or until the mouth becomes sore, or the horse stales 



* According to the new view of the atomic constitution of this salt, it is a 

 chloride of mercurv. 



