AND PHARMACOPOEIA. 553 



practice as a remedy for flatulent colic, gripes, or fret, findlno- 

 the preparations of opium far more effectual. (See Opium.*) 

 With respect to worms, I consider it is of more importance to 

 prevent worms than to expel them from the bowels. When the 

 stomach has been weakened or disordered, worms will be "-cne- 

 rated in the bowels, and even in the arteries, on whatever food 

 the animal is kept. To expel them, therefore, from the bowels 

 is doing but little for the cure of the disorder ; and those medi- 

 cines which do expel them, such as oil of turpentine, and laro-e 

 doses of calomel, may increase that morbid state of the stomach 

 on which their existence depends. See article Worms. 



Venice turpentine is generally made by mixing the oil with 

 the common turpentine, which is easily done when the latter is 

 melted. 



Venice turpentine is sometimes employed as an ingredient in 

 cough medicines. The dose is about half an ounce. But if 

 given as a remedy for flatulent colic, or as a diuretic, a larger 

 quantity is necessary. It makes a good detergent ointment, if 

 mixed with about a fourth or a third part of red precipitate, 

 finely powdered, 



TUKPETH MINERAL, or YELLOW SUB-SUL- 

 PHATE OF QUICKSILVER. — Sub-sulphas Hydrargyri 

 Flavus. This mercurial preparation is seldom used in veteri- 

 nary practice, being apt to irritate the stomach and bowels, and 

 bring on violent purging; but it has been recommended as a 

 remedy for farcy. 



The dose is from half a drachm to a drachm. 



It is given as an emetic to dogs, when they have swallowed 

 any poisonous substance, or at the commencement of the dis- 

 temper ; but it should give place to better treatment. 



UNGUENTS or OINTMENTS. — Unguenta. See Oint- 

 ments. 



VALERIAN ROOT, WILD. — Valeriana officinalis. This 

 is an indigenous perennial plant, the root of which has a strong 

 unpleasant odour, and a bitter and rather acrid taste. The 

 dried root is employed by medical practitioners in spasmodic and 

 nervous complaints. Tincture of valerian is employed for spas- 

 modic colic. The dose is an ounce. 



VERATRUM ALBUINI. White hellebore. See Helle- 

 bore. 



VERDIGRIS. — j^rugo^ Subacetas Cupri impura. Impure 

 subacetate of copper. This is made in wine countries, by bury- 

 ing thin copper plates in the refuse parts of the grape, after the 

 juice has been pressed out. It is employed externally as a mild 

 caustic or detergent, and is frequently mixed with common tur- 

 pentine, or ointments, for the same purpose. See Detergents 

 and Digestives. Common verdigris has been recommended as 



