INTRODUCTION. 23 



creasing tlie quantity of its hsematin. The best 

 known hematics are compounds of iron and manga- 

 nese. 



Tonics improve the tone of the tissues on which 

 they have specific action, increasing the vigor of the 

 entire system — as strychnine, quinine, iron, and the 

 vegetable bitters. 



Alteratives are agents which alter the course of 

 morbid conditions, modifying the nutritive processes 

 while promoting waste, and in this manner indirectly 

 helping to relieve from disease. Mercury, arsenic, 

 iodine, and their preparations are typical alteratives. 



Resolvents or Discutients promote the absorp- 

 tion of morbid products by stimulating the lymphatic 

 system. These include mercury, cadmium, iodine, 

 arsenic, and such local measures as poulticing and 

 counter-irritation. 



Antipyretics reduce high bodily temperature. 

 This may be accomplished by five different methods, 

 viz. : 



1st. By diminishing tissue change — quinine, anti- 

 pyrine, salicin. 



2d. By reducing the circulation — aconite, digitalis, 

 antimon3\ (N. B. : These two lessen heat produc- 

 tion.) 



3d. By dilating cutaneous vessels, which increases 

 heat radiation — alcohol, sweet spirits of nitre. 



4th. By promoting perspiration, its evaporation 

 lowering the temperature — ^antipyrine, nitrous ether, 

 antimony. 



5th. By abstracting heat from the body — cold 



