RESTORATIVE AGENTS. 51 



nine is held in solution in the blood by carbonic acid. 

 When first given it promotes the appetite, improves di- 

 gestion, stimulates the flow of saliva and gastric juice; 

 but if very long continued brings on gastric catarrh, 

 indigestion, and constipation. Small doses stimulate 

 the heart, while large doses depress the heart and en- 

 feeble the pulse. Moderate doses cause hypersemia 

 of the brain, and large doses produce ansemia of the 

 brain. Ginchonism is the term applied to the effects 

 of continued large doses, i.e.^ headache, amaurosis, 

 deafness, staggering gait, irregular heart's action, 

 convulsions, etc. The spleen is reduced in size and 

 the temperature of pyrexia lowered, but it does not 

 reduce the body temperature of a healthy animal. It 

 is a uterine stimulant in labor, and lessens the excre- 

 tion of uric acid, but not that of urea. It is used 

 in malarial and intermittent fevers, acute catarrh, 

 surgical fever, and erysipelas (with iron and ar- 

 senic) ; as a tonic in indigestion and general debil- 

 ity with nux vomica; in asthma and diarrhoea. 

 Also in diabetes, influenza, strangles, and purpura. 

 A five-per-cent. solution of the muriate of quinine 

 is frequently used to wash out the bladder in cys- 

 titis. Quinine should not be given in inflamma- 

 tory diseases of the bowel if accompanied by consti- 

 pation and irritability of the stomach. Quinine may 

 be given in bolus or solution, and its action is said to 

 be increased by conjoining with capsicum or ginger. 

 Ferri et QuinincB Citras, or Ferro-Cliininnm 

 Citricuyn, the citrate of iron and quinine, a double 

 salt, used mostly in canine practice, is given in pill 



