AKTIZYMOTICS, ANTIPYRETICS, ANTIPERIODICy. 167 



white powder, having an aromatic odor and insipid 

 taste. Sokible in 10 parts of alcohol ; also in chloro- 

 form, ether, and fixed oils; almost insoluble in water. 

 When heated with an alkali, salol splits up into sali- 

 cylic acid CO parts, and carbolic acid 40 parts. 



The doses of these three preparations of salicylic 

 acid are : H., 3 iv.- 3 i. ; D., gr. v.- 3 ss. 



Physiological Action. — Salicylic acid is an an- 

 tipyretic, antiseptic, antiperiodic, antirheumatic, and 

 antiferment. Small doses stimulate the stomach, 

 heart, and respiration. Large doses cause gastric 

 derangement, nausea, vomiting, and sometimes diar- 

 rhoea in all animals ; depress the heart and respira- 

 tion, lower arterial tension, and reduce temperature 

 in fever. Continued large doses cause symptoms 

 resembling cinchonism (see Quinine). Toxic doses 

 produce death by paralysis of respiration. It does 

 not stimulate the flow of bile, but renders this secre- 

 tion more watery, and is excreted by the skin, sali- 

 vary glands, and kidneys, the latter organs being 

 sometimes so irritated by the drug as to cause albumi- 

 nuria. Sodium salicylate, although much resembling 

 salicylic acid in action, is devoid of the antiseptic 

 properties of the latter. It is also a diaphoretic and 

 cholagogue, being supposed to possess the jDroperty of 

 increasing the fluidity of the bile, at the same time 

 promoting the secretion of the latter, while other 

 cholagogues increase the proportion of solids in the 

 bile. The corresponding lithium salt closely resem- 

 bles this, but has more power over excretion. 



Salol is antiseptic, analgesic, a good antipyretic, 



