238 RIKARl) STERN J:R 



Sannatia: Middle Russia, between the steppe district in the south and about 

 the northern Hmit of the oak in the north; southernmost Finland, Estland, Lett- 

 land, Lithuania, and Poland; the North German plain to about the line from the 

 West Prussian — Pomeranian border to the llarz; South East Sweden (Oland, Got- 

 land, north-eastern Snialand, Falb}'gden, Ostergotland, eastern Narike, Soderman- 

 land, southeastern X'astnianland, and Uppland; about this see further later on 

 Chapt. xii). This area corresponds to Drude's »die ostbaltische Waldregion» 

 (Drude, for instance, i8go, p. 373). 



Subatlaniis: The North German plain west of Sarmatia, in the south to the 

 line Harz — Luxemburg; Holland, Denmark with its islands. South- West Sweden 

 and the lower parts of South Norway. (In his »West Baltic region » Drude also 

 includes Belgium, and northern I'rancc down to Brittany and a large part of Great 

 Britain, all of which l^ngler includes in liis »Atlantic province*.) 



Balticuvi = Sarmatia -f- Subatlantis. (Hence not (\\.\\\cl the same sense as Drude, 

 1890, gives the term.) 



Central i'.nropc: Central and eastern France, Switzerland, Germany south of the 

 Balticum, Austria, and Czechoslovakia. The higher mountain regions are excluded. 



Hercynia: in the extension Drude gives it (Drude 1902). 



Cassubia: the western part of Sarmatia in the J'^ast to the Dnjepr and the 

 \'aldai-hill. 



South Europe: the South Luro])ean Peninsulas and south-eastern France. 



As has been mentioned, I ha\e not considered it possible at the present time 

 to lay down special types of distribution for the species which have a wide dis- 

 tribution in the north of Russia north of the oak-limit. Nevertheless I have 

 provisionally laid down variants of distribution types in respect of such species 

 as in all probabilit}- have such a distribution. 



The types of distribution I ha\e considered nu'self able to establish for con- 

 tinental species are as follows:' 



1. Meridional species. 

 I. Pontic distribution. 



a. for instance. Astragalus austriacus L., Ranunculus illyricus L. (map i, 



riate 13), Plantago tenuiflora W. 1.H: K. (maj) 2, Plate 13). 

 1). The Damibwii rariant, for instance, Andropogon gryllus L., Iris arenaria 



W. & K., Astragalus exscapus L., Lactuca c]ucrcina L. 

 c. variants forming transition types to the Pontic — Central European and 

 the Ponticosarmatian — Central European type, for instance, Hypericum ele- 

 gans Steph. (Pontic-Hercynian \ariant), Silene chlorantha I'hrli. (Pontic- 



' Tlie maps l — 20 mentioned in the follow in[j, drawn in order to cxemplifv the type'^ ol distribii 

 lion, are to be found in I'hites 13 22 at the end of the paper. 



