THE CONTINENTAL FLORA OF SOUTH SWEDEN 



257 



The isotherm of + i6° C, which is of special interest in the present case, bends 

 to the south, excluding the Baltic Sea but (as I'"ig. i shows) including the plain 

 and coastal districts of South Sweden. It comprises a small area in part of 

 south-eastern Norway, and then passes on south-westwards over south-western 

 Jutland and the southernmost part of the North Sea, bending again to the north at 

 the eastern coast of Great Britain, thus comprising a large part of England and south- 

 eastern Ireland. The considerable bend in the isotherm to the north over southern 

 Scandinavia may be regarded as a climatic deviation in a continental sense. 

 A better expression for such divergences in temperature is given by the so- 



rt b c 



Fig. 2. The periodic daily minimum of the temperatiiie in South Sweden in March 'a), September (V) 

 and November (t) (at the level of the meteorological stations), after Hamberg 1914. 



called isoanomals of temperature, i. e. curves of equal deviation from the average 

 temperature corresponding to the latitude circle. Ekholm (1. c.) has published 

 a chart of the isoanomals of temperature in July in Europe. Very large positive 

 anomalies are shown in the northern, and especially in the north-eastern, parts 

 of Scandinavia: 5° to 6.5° C. From here the anomalies decrease southwards. 

 South Sweden, for instance, is intersected by the isoanomals of 4- 2° (in the 

 Central Swedish plain district) and + 1°, the latter excluding south-western Swe- 

 den (from the middle of V^astergotland in the north), Blekinge and parts of 

 Oland and Gotland. This isoanomal further excludes the Norwegian west coast, 

 Denmark (except northern Zealand) and great parts of north-western Germany. 



The isoanomal of + 2°, on the other hand, passes through Middle Europe as 

 far to the east as through the border regions between Russia and Germany. 



It must be emphasized that in neither of these cases can there be obtained a 

 conception of the continentality of the climate that is satisfactory from a phyto- 



