162 



Sub-family Ixodinae (Hard Ticks). 



""{Amblyomma hebraeum. The South African Bont Tick. Trans- 

 mits the blood-parasite of " heartwater," a deadly disease 

 of sheep, goats, and cattle. 



*flxodes pilosus in South Africa and Ixodes holocyclus in Australia 

 cause " tick-paralysis," an obscure malady, often fatal in 

 children. 



*|Ixodes ricinus, syn. reduvius (Fig. 33). The Grass or Sheep 

 and Dog-tick of Europe. It occurs also hi other parts of 

 the world, and attacks various animals and Man. Is a 

 carrier (in Europe) of Piroplasma, syn. Babesia bigemimtm, 

 the blood -parasite of red water, or Texas cattle-fevsr. 



*'fHaemaphysalis punctata is the carrier in England of the piro- 

 plasm of redwater, or Texas cattle-fever. 



*|Rhipicephalus capensis. Cape Colony and other parts of Africa. 

 Is the carrier in Africa of the piroplasm of redwater, or Texas 



cattle-fever. 



*"j"Rbipicephalus or Margaropus annulatus (syn. Boophilus bovis). 

 This cattle-tick is widely distributed in Central and South 

 America, and it is the carrier of the piroplasm of redwater 

 or Texas cattle-fever. (See "Catechism," Zoology, Part L, 

 page 66.) 



*"|~Rhipicephalus appendiculatus. The common cattle-tick of 

 South Africa. Is the carrier of Theileria parva, the blood- 

 piroplasm which causes Rhodesian cattle-fever. 



*|Rhipicephalus evertsi transmits Theileria parva, the piroplasm 

 of East Coast, or Rhodesian cattle-fever ; and it is the carrier, 

 in Africa, of Piroplasma equi, the blood-paraeite of biliary 

 fever in horses. 



""(Dermacentor reticulatus. Europe and Northern Asia. Trans- 

 mits Piroplasma equi, the blood -parasite of biliary fever in 

 horses. 



*|Dermacentor venustus, syn. andersoni. The tick which causes 

 in Man the typhus-like disease, Rocky Mountain Spotted 

 Fever, in the Bitter Root Valley of Montana, and in Jdaho 

 and other States of the Rocky Mountain region. In Montana 

 the death-rate of this disease is about 70 per cent. 



*Blood-sucking. 



fParasites. 



Briefly describe the Habits and Life- History of the Bont 



Tick ( Amblyomma hebraeum). 



The adult ataches itself, thrusts its mouth-parts deep 

 into the skin of the bare parts of its host (e.g., the genitals 

 and udders of cattle). The female seeks the spot where 



