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Each ramus of the lower jaw or mandible consists of a 

 single bone (dentary). The hyoid is situated between the 

 rami, posteriorly. 



Describe the Pectoral Girdle and Fore-limb, and the Pelvic 

 Girdle and Hind-limb of the Rabbit.. 



The shoulder girdle of each side is attached by muscles 

 and ligaments to the backbone. The only well-developed 

 part is the flattened triangular scapula ; its ventral apex 

 forms a hollow, the glenoid cavity, for the head of the 

 humerus, and has a short curved coracoid process ; its short 

 upper border bears the cartilaginous suprascapula ; and 

 along its outer surface is a longitudinal ridge, the spine, 

 which ends in an acromion process with a long metacromion. 

 The thin and curved clavicle is connected with the sternum. 



The fore-limb consists of the humerus (upper arm), the 

 radius and the ulna with an olecranon process behind the 

 elbow- joint (fore arm), the carpus (wrist) composed of nine 

 small bones, and the manus (hand) which consists of five 

 metacarpals bearing five digits with claws. Each digit has 

 three phalanges, except the preaxial pollex, which has only 

 two. The proximal row of carpals consists of the radiale 

 (scaphoid), median semilunar, and ulnare (cuneiform) ; the 

 distal row consists of the trapezium, trapezoid, os magnum, 

 unciform, pisiform. Between the two rows is the os 

 centrale. 



The pelvic girdle consists (each os inominatum or half) 

 of the anterior ilium and the posterior ischium with the 

 pubis below it. The large oval space between ischium and 

 pubis is the obturator foramen. Between ilium and ischium 

 is the outer acetabulum or socket for the femur. The ilia 

 are firmly attached to the sacrum, the pubes are united 

 ventrally. 



The hind-limb consists of the femur or thigh bone, the 

 tibia and slender fibula of the lower leg, the tarsus or ankle 

 (six bones), and the pes (foot) which consists of four long 

 metatarsals with four toes or digits. Each digit has three 

 phalanges, the terminal one bearing a claw. In front of the 

 knee-joint is the knee - pan or patella, a sesamoid bone. 

 The proximal row of tarsals consists of the astragalus 

 (tibiale) and the calcaneum or os calcis (fibulare), which 

 forms the heel, and on which the tendo A chilli? is inserted ; 

 the distal row consists of the meso- and ecto-cuneiform 

 arid cuboid. Between the two rows is tho navicular or 

 centrale. 



