269 



2. Dog (Canis). ") 

 Wolf (Canis). Palaearctic and Nearctio Regions. (3142 

 Jackal (Canis). Palaearctic and Oriental Regions. (3143* 

 Fox (Canis). J 



3. Bear ( Ursus). Brown Bear of Palaearctic Region, Polar Bear, 



and Grizzly Bear of North America. Dentition, - . 



Raccoon (Procyon). N. and S. America. 



Otter (Lutra). 



Weasel (Mustela, syn. Putorius). 



NOTE. For Sub-Order Pinnipedia see Classification, page 262. 



Order Cetacea. 



State briefly the Principal Features of the Cetacea, and give Examples. 



Aquatic. Naked ; a few hairs (bristles) present on upper lip 

 (of foetus). No external neck ; the cervical vertebrae thin and 

 fused. A horizontal caudal fin (flukes). The digits of the fore- 

 limbs enclosed in a common integument (flippers) ; hind limbs 

 vestigial or absent. Pelvis vestigial. Clavicles absent. Teeth 

 (Toothed Whales) are homodont (uniform) and monophyodont (one 

 set only) ; in Whalebone Whales (teeth present in foetus only) 

 numerous horny plates (baleen or " whalebone ") hang down from 

 palate into buccal cavity. Nasal organ rudimentary ; external 

 nares opening by a single blow-hole (on head, far back) through 

 which the whale, rising to the surface to breathe, powerfully oxpels 

 a current of hot air, and this condenses {" spouting " or " blowing "). 

 External openings of ears extremely small ; also the eyes, which are 

 without nictitating membranes and lachrymal glands. The panni- 

 culus adiposus forms a great layer of blubber beneath the thick skin. 

 Teats beside genital aperture ; the milk is forced into the mouth 

 of the young one. Mostly gregarious, going in herds or " schools." 

 For examples, see Classification, page 262. 



Order Ungulata. 



Give the General Characters of the Ungulata. 



Mainly herbivorous. Typically digitigrade, walking or running 

 on their digits, the nails of the digits forming hoofs encasing the 

 terminal phalanges. Teeth diphyodont. Clavicles absent. Uterus 

 bicornuate. Placenta non-deciduate or deciduate. 



Indicate the Chief Features of Elephants. 



Thick integument (pachyderm). Hair scanty. Snout produced as 

 a long muscular prehensile proboscis or trunk. Five digits, united 

 by integument ; only the nails or hoofs showing externally. The 



