98 AN ACCOUNT OF BRITISH FLIES. 
the larvee of Chironomus by Osten-Sacken,* in Culex by Pallas,7 as 
long ago as 1782, and also in the larvze of Zipula oleracea by Main.t 
These are the only records of any importance I can find. But in 
the Mycetophilide this phosphorescent character has been more fully 
observed. It was first noticed by Wahlberg,§ who, whilst studying 
the transformations of Ceroplatus sesioides, saw a bright light emitted 
by the larva and pupa, but not by the perfect insect. More recently 
some interesting papers have appeared in the Zntomologist’s Monthly 
Magazine\| by Hudson and Osten-Sacken. These luminous larve, 
described by Hudson, came from New Zealand. According to one of 
the best authorities, Osten-Sacken, they were the larve of Sciophila, 
certainly those of one of the MMZycetophilide. ‘The vividness of the 
light produced is best described in Mr. Hudson's own words: ‘‘ The 
light from a single individual kept in a caterpillar cage may be seen 
streaming out of the ventilators at a distance of several feet.” He 
describes it as coming from a gelatinous knob at the posterior ex- 
tremity of the larva. Those who are interested in phosphorescent 
insects should read ‘ Les Insectes Phosphorescents,” Henri Gadeau 
de Kerville. Rouen, 1887. 
Internal Anatomy of Ceroplatus§ and Mycetophila. ~* 
The alimentary canal has two salivary glands opening into its 
proximal end, close to the mouth. Each gland is a slender, single 
tube, one on each side of the canal. In J/ycetophila these glands 
are composed of large secreting cells with a dark nucleus. The 
duct of the gland is very fine, and is a simple tubular structure, the 
cells being more regular and clearer than those of the glandular part. 
‘The mouth opens into an esophagus, which is short in Ceroplatus, 
but of moderate length in AZjcetophila. The crop is oblong, with 
simple walls and with a small tubular neck in Cerop/atus. In the 
Mycetophila I examined there seemed only a slight constriction 
between the cesophagus and crop. The Chylific ventricle is long and 
cylindrical, and commences from two lateral conical, sack-like czeca. 
These two czeca I was unable to find in the flies I examined, but 
Dufour found them in Ceroplatus. There are four Aepatic ceca, 
which open into the base of the chylific ventricle. The céestine is 
small and the walls appear to be smooth, ending in a somewhat 
* Ent. Mo. Mag., 1878, xv., p. 43+ 
+ Kleine Notizen in den neuen Nordischen Beitragen, 1782, t. iv., p. 396. 
t Mag. Nat. Hist., 1837, p. 549 
§ Act. Holm., 1838, and Stett. Ent. Zeit., 1849 (trans. ). 
|| Ant. Mo. Mag., vol. xxiii., pp. 99, 133- 230. 
“| Dufour, Anns. des. Sc. Nat. T. xi., 1839, pp. 193-213, pl. 5. 
