12 



dredged in the Gulf of Gascony by Dr. Koehler and his colleagues of the 

 " Caudan " and referred by them to this species. Some young specimens, from 

 the Andamans, 172-303 fms., which I believe to belong to this species, have the 

 base attached to shells, etc. Distribution : West Indian Seas, Atlantic between 

 the parallels of 46 N. and 35 S., Arabian Sea. (? Andaman Sea.) Fossil : 

 Sicilian (Messina) Tertiaries. 



2. Car yophy Ilia ambrosia, n. sp. PI. i, figs. 1, la. 



Caryophyllia communis, Alcock, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. Jan. 1891, p. 6. 



This species very closely resembles the preceding, but differs from it con- 

 stantly (in a series of over two hundred specimens) in the following parti- 

 culars : 



The calyx is more broadly elliptical in outline and is much more filled up 

 by the septa, pali, etc. : the epitheca is more abundant, and the costae are much 

 less distinct : the whole texture of the corallum is far more delicate. 



The late Professor Martin Duncan, to whom I once sent specimens, wrote 

 that he did " not consider that they belong to Moseley's form communis of 

 Seguenza : that has some large costae at least, the fossil species which Moseley 

 said his deep-sea forms belonged to has." 



Notwithstanding this opinion, I was rashly inclined to believe especially 

 after seeing the " Blake " figures that the two forms were identical, until 

 lately when the true C. communis was dredged, as above mentioned. 



I now think that the present species more closely resembles, and may 

 perhaps prove to be identical with, the Ceratocyathus suborbicularis of Seguenza 

 (torn. cit. p. 445, pi. v. figs. 6, 6). 



Corallum elegantly horn-shaped, with a thin epitheca which, except in the 

 upper fourth or fifth of the wall, is dull and easily scales off. There are costae 

 corresponding to all the septa, but they are mere striations, although those of 

 the first two cycles are occasionally a little prominent near the calicular margin 

 which is broadly elliptical or subcircular. 



The septa are all thin and trenchant, with the granular striae present but 

 inconspicuous. Fourteen to seventeen of them are (equally) large and strongly 

 exsert, and divide the calicle into as many equal chambers; and each chamber 

 is divided into four stalls by three small septa a median smaller and two 

 lateral larger and more exsert. Opposite the smaller median septum of each 

 chamber stands a very large thin foliaceous palus, the surfaces of which are 

 strongly denticulate. 



There are thus from 14t to 17 large pali, in a crown of remarkable 

 symmetry which largely fills up the calicle. 



