14 



curved subcircular or broadly- elliptical cup. It is invested with a very thin 

 vitreous epitheca, and is distinctly costate, to the naked eye, only near the 

 calicular margin. 



The septa are in four complete cycles. Those of the first two cycles are 

 large and strongly exsert, and divide the calice into twelve chambers of equal 

 size, those of the third cycle are larger and a little more exsert than those of 

 the fourth and have their very wavy free edge elegantly pleated back, to make 

 room for the large sinuous pali. 



The columella is not very deep-seated and consists of several large curled 

 leaf -like processes. 



The colour is pure ivory white with a faint brownish-pink tinge near the 

 calicular margin. 



Off the west coast of the Andamans, 240-220 fms., and off the Elicapeni 

 Bank (Laccadive Sea) 705 fms. 



5. Car yophy Ilia paradox^ls, n. sp. PI. i. figs. 2, 2a-c. 



This species is so extremely variable as almost to defy description. Like 

 Gary ophy Ilia profunda Moseley, it is found in fused masses encrusting dead 

 coralla ; and in one such mass may be found, along with individuals that have 

 the typical Caryophylliaceous corallum, others that have no pali, and hardly 

 more columella than a Desmophyllnm. 



The corallum has an encrusting base and a cylindrical stalk that may be 

 either long slender and twisted or, less commonly, short thick and almost 

 straight. The stalk expands, either gradually or suddenly, into a calyx of 

 which the orifice may be circular, or moderately compressed, or narrowly 

 elliptical with the major axis on a much lower plane than the minor axis; the 

 lip of the calyx may either be everted with the septa exsert, or be not at all 

 everted with the septa not exsert. 



The calicle is generally deep, but may be shallow, and the septa pali and 

 columella are not quite alike in any two out of many hundred specimens. 



The septa, like the thecal wall, are generally of heavy and coarse make, 

 and have the granules or spicules of the surface so well developed that some- 

 times they almost meet across the loculi, like synapticula. There are from 

 thirteen to seventeen large, exsert but never quite equal-sized septa, which 

 divide the calicle into as many never quite equal-sized chambers, and each 

 chamber is divided into four compartments by three smaller septa a median, 

 usually large, and two lateral, small. 



In the specimens that strictly conform to the Caryophyllia type there is a 

 single crown of pali, opposite the middle septum of each of the 13 to 17 





