116 



The Practical Stud Groom. 



remove the superfluous horn that has grown during a 

 month's locomotion on soft thick turf. 



The all-important point to be kept in view is to leave an 

 absolutely level ground surface of the "wall" or outside 

 edge of the hoof. The importance of having a true level to 

 the wall or weight-bearing rim of the foot will be apparent 

 from a glance at Figs. 1 and 2. In Fig. 1 is shown a section 

 of the foreleg comprising the cannon-bone (A), the long 



Fig. 1. 



A Cannon Bone. 

 B Long Pastern Bone. 

 C Short Pastern Bone. 

 D Coffin Bone. 

 E Joints. 



Fig. 2. 



Fig. 3. 



A, B, C-Wall. 

 D Bars. 

 E Frog. 



pastern bone (B), short pastern bone (C), pedal bone (D). 

 These four bones are connected by means of three perfect 

 fitting joints (E, E, E), the respective bones not being in 

 actual contact, but separated at each joint by their articu- 

 lating cartilages kept constantly lubricated by the synovial 

 fluid, which permits of the respective joints sliding over one 

 another smoothly and without undue effort. If the foot is 

 truly levelled and the horse stands on ground also perfectly 

 level, a straight line drawn through the centre of these three 

 joints from ground to knee will show that the horse's body 



