XX 11 CONTENTS. 



PAGE 



Decomposition of wood at a higher temperature ; Cause of the decom- 

 position of wood ; Reason why a large amount of acetic acid is pro- 

 duced during the destructive distillation of wood . . . .219 



Substances given off during the destructive distillation of wood ; Actual 

 facts observed in the distillation of wood ; Distillation of wood ; Re- 

 torts used in the distillation of wood; Form of the retorts . . 220 



Dimensions of the retorts ; Position of the retorts ; Retorts used in 

 France ......... 221 



Retorts used in England and Germany ; Vertical retorts ; Kestner's 

 apparatus, illustrated and described .... 222 



Movable retorts, illustrated and described ; Modification of movable re- 

 torts, illustrated and described 223 



Horizontal retorts, illustrated and described .... 225 



Apparatus for abstracting the charcoal from the carbonizing cylinders ; 

 Condensers; Kestner's apparatus, illustrated and described . 227 



Collection of the gases in a gasometer; Vincent's plan for cooling the 

 current of gas and rendering the vapors of acetic acid harmless, Illus- 

 trated and described 228 



Dimensions for a condenser for four retorts, by Gillot ; Most suitable 

 varieties of wood for the production of wood- vinegar ; Removal of 

 the bark from the wood ... 



Charcoal; Composition of charcoal ; Processes tak ing' place' by h'eatina 

 the wood in the retorts; Charbon roux or terrified charcoal- Red 

 wood (roasted wood, boix roux) and its composition ; Charcoals avail- 

 able for technical purposes 



Quantity of charcoal obtained at various temperatures j Influence of the 

 degree of carbonization and of the variety of wood upon the yield of 

 charcoal; Variation in the elementary composition of charcoal as 

 found by Violette . 



im 'S'" : ; Properties of 'tar and of woocU 



Constituents of wood-vinegar 



Woo.1 spirit (methyl aleohol), CH.O, and it's propertied and uses ;' Ace' *** 



tone or d.methyl kctone (C 3 H 6 O) and its properties 

 Determ.nat.on of the strength of W ood-vi,,egar ; Mohr's me'thod ' 

 L. Rieffer's method ... -235 



Working up the wood-vinegar ; Methods by" which this' is effected' Dis' ^ 



tillation of wood-vinegar, described and illustrated 

 The recreation of wood-vinegar, described and illustrated ' 



Scation of wood-vinegar according to Terreil and Chateau - lathe's 



method for the purification of wood- vinegar 

 Acetic acid for technical purposes 



Preparation of crude calcium acetate ' ' ' ' 24 



. 241 

 and pure sodium 



242 



