Xll CONTENTS. 



PAGE 



Proof that the generators now in use are deficient ; The optimum tem- 

 perature, what is meant by it ; Loss of alcohol and acetic acid by 

 evaporation and its reduction to a minimum . . . . .47 



Conditions on which the most advantageous manner of working depends; 

 Yields of acetic acid obtained in practice ; Unavoidable losses in a 

 vinegar factory ; Defectiveness of the processes in general use and 

 the necessity for reformation . . . . . . . .48 



Comparison of a vinegar generator to a furnace . . . . .49 



CHAPTER Y. 



METHODS OF FABRICATION OF VINEGAR. 



Reasons for not commencing the description of the various methods of 

 fabrication of vinegar with the oldest and most simple method known, 

 viz., the fabrication of vinegar from wine ; Why we can speak of 

 grain and malt vinegars ......... 50 



Alcohol the ultimate material for the fabrication of vinegar ; The slow 

 and quick processes of fabrication ; Modifications in the old process 

 according to the materials used . . . . . . .51 



Difference in the properties of vinegar derived from various sources . 52 



CHAPTER VI. 



QUICK PROCESS OF FABRICATION OF VINEGAR. 



Invention of Schutzenbach's and analagous processes ; On what the 

 principle involved depends 52 



Appropriateness of the term " quick process;" Comparison of the 

 generator or "graduator" to a furnace ; Difficulty of conveying the 

 requisite amount of air to the generator ...... 53 



Arrangement of the generators ; The best form of the generator, with 

 illustration 54 



Variation in the dimensions of the generators ; Disadvantages of small 

 and of large generators ........ 55 



Erroneous opinions in regard to the manufacture of strong vinegar; Di- 

 mensions of the most suitable generators ; Cover of the generator, 

 with illustration 56 



Disadvantage of a number of obliquely bored apertures below the false 

 bottom, with illustration .... 57 



Different forms of generator ; Self-acting discharge arrangement, with 

 illustration . . . . . . . . . . .58 



Disadvantage of the self-acting discharge arrangement and substitute 

 for it ; Arrangement of the disk or false bottom of the generator, 

 with illustration . 59 



