ARTIFICIAL VENTILATION OF VINEGAR GENERATORS. 75 



that under these conditions a diminution in the loss of substance 

 can, to a certain degree, be effected, but it is doubtful whether 

 the generators are utilized in the manner they should be ; besides, 

 the diminution in loss of substance cannot be very considerable. 

 Since a high temperature also prevails in ventilated generators, 

 the current of air passing downward will be loaded with as much 

 vapor of alcohol or of acetic acid as it can absorb at this tempera- 

 ture, and, hence, it would seem no diminution in loss by evapora- 

 tion could be effected. To render this possible, the current of 

 air sucked from the generator would have to be sufficiently cooled 

 off by a suitable arrangement for the greater portion of .the 

 vapors carried away by the current of air to condense to a fluid. 



Schulze's Ventilating Apparatus. 



The ventilation of the vinegar generators, according to the 

 above-described method, requires the presence of an uninterrupt- 

 edly acting power for working the air-pump, blower, etc. As is 

 well known, a current of air can, however, be also produced by 

 heating the air passing through an ascending pipe, by which it 

 becomes specifically lighter and ascends, while denser air enters 

 from below, etc. Schulze, as will be seen from Fig. 21, has 

 applied this method to the ventilation of vinegar generators. 



Schulze's generator differs somewhat from the ordinary con- 

 struction, and is arranged as follows : The vat has a height of 

 about 8 feet, and a diameter of 2 feet 6 inches. In the upper part 

 it is terminated by a false bottom, fitting air-tight, and is further 

 provided with a cover, in the centre of which is an aperture about 

 2J inches in diameter, which serves for the entrance of air, while 

 another aperture on the side serves for pouring in the alcoholic 

 liquid. In the false bottom are inserted four glass-tubes, open 

 at both ends and about f inch in diameter, which afford a passage 

 to the air. The generator is filled with pieces of washed and 

 assorted charcoal, so that pieces of the size of a nut are placed 

 upon the lath-bottom, and upon this are poured smaller pieces, 

 gradually decreasing in size until those on the top are only that 

 of a pea. In the centre of the bottom is inserted a wooden tube, 

 open at both ends and provided -on top with a hood to prevent 



