APPENDIX. 437 



Determination of the true strengths of spirit for the normal 

 temperature of 59 F. 



When for the determination of the strength of a spirit of wine 

 the stand of the alcoholometer and of the thermometer has been 

 read off, we possess two figures, by means of which the true 

 strength of spirit of the spirits of wine to be examined, i. e., the 

 number of liters of absolute alcohol contained in 100 liters of the 

 fluid to be examined, when the latter possesses a normal temperature 

 of 59 F., is found as follows: If the observed temperature of the 

 fluid is = 59 F., which is indicated on the scale of the thermo- 

 meter with a red mark, the figure read off on the scale of the 

 alcoholometer indicates at once the " true" strength of spirit. If, 

 however, the thermometer shows a different temperature, in which 

 case the figure read off on the scale of the alcoholometer is termed 

 the "apparent" strength of spirit, the true strength of spirit is 

 found from the figure read off on the scale of the alcoholometer 

 and the temperature with the assistance of the following table : 



Table VI. has two entries ; one in the uppermost horizontal line 

 for the observed statements of the alcoholometer, hence the appa- 

 rent strengths from 31 to 44 per cent. ; the other in the first vertical 

 column for the statements of Fahrenheit's thermometer from 13 

 to +99.5. On the place where a vertical and horizontal column 

 cross, the strength corresponding to the normal temperature of 

 59 F., i. e., the true strength of spirit is found. 



If, for instance, the alcoholometer immersed into a sample of 

 spirits of wine, indicates an apparent strength of 77 per cent., and 

 the thermometer the temperature of the fluid as 25.5 F., the figure 

 77 has to be found in the uppermost horizontal column, and then 

 the vertical column belonging to it is followed downward until the 

 horizontal line is reached in which stands the figure 25.5 in the 

 column containing the degrees of temperature. Here the statement 

 82.4 will be found as the true strength of spirit, and this figure 

 indicates that at the normal temperature of 59 F. 100 liters of the 

 spirit of wine examined contain 82.4 liters of absolute alcohol. 



When the apparent strength read off on the alcoholometer con- 

 sists of a whole number and a fraction, the true strength corre- 

 sponding to the whole number is determined in the above manner, 

 and the surplus fraction added to the number found. 



