WHY THERE IS A MILK PROBLEM 19 



Special observations were made on the effect of pas- 

 teurized as opposed to raw milk, as summarized in the 

 following table: 



{ ! ' !t ill 

 Kindofmilk 





i ii ! 4i iii i 



Pasteurized milk, 1000 to 50,000 



bacteria per c.c .............. 41 31 10 3 4 oz. 3.9 1 



Raw milk, 1,200,000 to 20,000,000 



bacteria per c.c .............. 51*17 33 5.5 3.5oz. 11.5 2 



The results set forth in the first of the above tables 

 cannot, indeed, be taken as indicating exactly the 

 effects of the different kinds of milk, for the elements of 

 care of the infant in the different groups was also of 

 influence. The following extracts from the conclusions 

 of the authors, who endeavored to sum up all factors, 

 must, however, be taken as indicative: 



During hot weather when the resistance of the children 

 was lowered, the kind of milk taken influenced both the 

 amount of illness and the mortality; those who took con- 

 densed milk and cheap store milk did the worst, and those who 

 received breast milk, pure bottled milk, and modified milk 

 did the best. The effect of bacterial contamination was very 

 marked when the milk was taken without previous heating; 

 but, unless the contamination was very excessive, only slight 

 when heating was employed shortly before feeding. 



* Thirteen of the 51 infants on raw milk were transferred before the 

 end of the trial to pasteurized milk because of serious illness. If these 

 infants had been left on raw milk, it is believed by the writers that the 

 comparative results would have been even more unfavorable to raw 

 milk. 



