^ MQpERN MILK PROBLEM 



in the cost of the product. Elimination has, on the 

 other hand, been encouraged in some States by legal 

 reimbursement of the owner for a large part of the loss 

 due to the slaughter of tuberculous cattle. However 

 the loss may be met, it is a real one and means, directly 

 or indirectly, a higher cost of the milk. It is natural to 

 expect that this increase in cost will be reflected in the 

 retail price, perhaps to the extent of a half-cent a quart, 

 though it may be partly met through payments out of 

 public funds to the dairyman in consideration of his 

 loss through slaughtered cattle. 



State regulation for the official testing and certifica- 

 tion or condemnation of cattle obtains in certain States. 

 It does not, however, even where adequate, advantage 

 neighboring States, but tends to make them, unless 

 their own or Federal regulation intervene, a dumping 

 ground for condemned animals. Fraud, too, is possible 

 in that a positive tuberculin reaction can be prevented 

 by covertly injecting the animals with tuberculin shortly 

 before test and thus passing off such " plugged" cattle 

 as sound. 



If milk is to be consumed raw, it can be adequately 

 protected from bovine tuberculosis only by requiring 

 the tuberculin test as well as the physical examination 

 of cows. But fortunately, as will be shown directly, 

 there is a practical alternative in the process of pas- 

 teurization, which, moreover, saves the economic value 

 of the cattle. 



PASTEURIZATION 



Thus far we have considered measures developed 

 under the clean milk ideal; we now take up a remedy 



