APPENDIX D 221 



station studies comes from New York.* This gives the cost 

 of producing milk on 174 farms in one county and also 

 figures taken from bulletins from certain other States in 

 recent years. The figures are, for cost per quart: New 

 Hampshire, 4.2 cents; Massachusetts, 5.2; Connecticut, 4.6; 

 New Jersey, 4.2; Delaware County, New York, 5.1 (1912) 

 and 4.4 (1913). The writer of this bulletin recommends that 

 " without doubt the greatest need for this region is more 

 efficient cows," but adds that in his opinion "the farmer 

 does not receive enough for his milk." 



RELATIVE COSTS OF LINKS IN THE MILK CHAIN 



Figures indicate that when milk is marketed through a 

 middleman the farmer receives, roughly, from one-third to 

 one-half the retail price, the remainder going for transporta- 

 tion, processes, distribution, overhead, and middleman's 

 profit. 



Owing to wide variations it is impossible to give adequate 

 estimates of the general costs of the different operations of 

 the city milk industry. Some idea of these is given by the 

 finding in a recent investigation in New England t that 

 the total cost of collection in the country, operation of coun- 

 try plant, railroad transportation, and operation of city 

 plant was a little over or under 3c. ; while the cost of distri- 

 bution to the family trade was 2c. to 5c. ; to retail stores, in 

 cases of bottles, Ic. to2c.; and to the wholesale trade, J/c. to Ic. 

 "The greatest single item of cost is, therefore, delivery to 

 the family trade, equaling the cost of collection, country 



* Thompson, A. L., "Cost of producing milk on 174 farms in Delaware 

 County, New York," Cornell University, Agric. Exper. Sta., N. Y. 

 State College of Agric., Bull. 364, Oct., 1915. Studies have also been 

 made in other counties of New York. For further data see bulletins 

 of the Federal Department of Agriculture and of the various state 

 departments of agriculture and agricultural experiment stations. 



t Boston Chamber of Commerce, special report, 1915. 



