APPENDIX D 223 



the increased price." * With more efficient methods of pro- 

 ducing clean milk, based on the present better understanding 

 of the importance of certain items, the cost of sanitation may 

 be reduced. Such methods are now, fortunately, illustrated 

 by the system of Dr. North, who found the additional cost 

 necessary to supply a tuberculin-tested milk with a bac- 

 teria count under 30,000 at time of delivery to be one and 

 one-half cents per quart (see pp. 81-82). The extra cost of a 

 non-tuberculin-tested but pasteurized clean milk would be, 

 on this basis, not more than one cent. 



PRICES, WHOLESALE AND RETAIL f 



Wholesale prices for milk vary greatly according to place, 

 time of year, and economic conditions. There are a num- 

 ber of different systems of payment in use according to 

 the can (of various content), hundredweight, butter-fat, etc. 

 General figures compiled by the United States Department 

 of Agriculture J from milk dealers throughout the country 

 show that the average price paid to farmers in 1912 was 

 3.57 cents a quart; in 1913, 3.85; and in 1914, 3.80 (figures 

 net at farmers' shipping stations). The average varied in 

 1914 from a maximum of 4.20 in December to a minimum of 

 3.26 in June. The highest prices were paid in New England 

 (average, 4.66) and the lowest in the Mountain States (3.45). 

 The highest monthly average was in New England in No- 

 vember (5.05) and the lowest in June in the Middle Atlantic 

 States (2.84). One dealer in the latter region reported that 

 he paid only 90 cents a hundredweight for milk in June. 



* Whitaker, George M., "The extra cost of producing clean milk," 

 Bureau of Animal Industry, U. S. Dept. of Agric., Circ. 170, 1911 (re- 

 printed from 26th Ann. Rpt. Bur. An. Ind., 1909). 



fFor more recent prices later publications from the sources men- 

 tioned may be consulted. Those quoted are the most recent obtain- 

 able at time of writing. 



| Weekly News Letter to Crop Correspondents, Jan. 20 and April 28, 

 1915. 



