CHAPTER IV 

 THE DIFFERENT BUDDING OPERATIONS 



Budding or Grafting. In working over nursery stock 

 to standard varieties two methods are available: One to 

 graft, the other to bud. These two methods do not differ 

 widely in principle but the details of execution are mate- 

 rially unlike. In the first place the process of budding 

 is always associated with the active growing plant while 

 grafting must be done while the trees are dormant. In 

 the former, a single bud with some of the closely surround- 

 ing bark tissue is used to start the new tree while in the 

 latter two or more buds with their connecting internodes 

 are used. In grafting, the piece bearing the buds is called 

 the cion while the plant into which it is set is called the stock. 



Whether nurserymen should bud or graft the major 

 part of their stock would depend upon the ease and economy 

 with which the work could be done rather than upon any 

 scientific principles involved. Either method will produce 

 equally good trees. The cost of production, however, 

 varies widely and as would be expected the practice among 

 nurserymen throughout the United States is the outgrowth 

 of certain economic conditions made necessary in the adjust- 

 ing of their work to local environments. 



Certain practices have become quite generally estab- 

 lished over a considerable part of the country, while others 



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