102 



OPEEATIONS 



49.) It is then tied up with raffia and all the exposed 

 area waxed over. This method works well on hard wood 

 and where the cions are large and inclined to be brittle. 

 It is also better adapted to larger branches than the cleft 

 is. Its only objection is that the cions sometimes blow 

 out before they get firmly established. This, however, 

 can be prevented by judicious pruning of the cion or by 



FIG. 50. A Side Graft. 



nailing a lath to the side of the stock and tying the cion 

 to this as the growth develops. It is used largely on the 

 Pacific Coast where it is looked on with favor as a good 

 substitute for the cleft graft. 



Side Grafting. This method is used to a limited extent 

 to place an extra branch on a young tree or fill in where 

 one may be missing. It may be used on shrubs as well 

 as fruit trees. It works best on stock from one-half up 



