BIRDS. . 19* 



13. UPUPA. Bill long, slender, slightly compressed, a 

 little bowed: tongue arrow-shaped*: nostrih small, 

 near the base of the bill : iniddte-toe connected to the.- 

 outmost at the base. 



14. CERTHIA.. BzM slender, bowed, acute: tongue shorter 

 than the bill,. pointed: tail of 12 stiff pointed feathers: 

 hind-toe very large : claws long, hooked. 



10. AI.CEDO. mil triangular, straight, strong, pointed : 

 nostrils covered with feathers : tongue very short, flat, 

 acute: middle-toe connected by the Slower-joints to 

 the outermost. 



12. MEROPS, BUI somewhat quadrangular, a little in- 

 curved, tapering to a point : nostrils small, at the base 

 of the bill: tongue slender, jagged at the end: middle- 

 toe connected as far as the middle joint to the outer- 

 most. 



2. With 2 toes before and 2 behind, all divided to their origin. 



1. CUCULUS. Bz'^ roundish, weak, a little bowed : nostrils 

 bordered by a narrow rim: tongue arrow-shaped, 

 short, pointed : tail of 10 long wedge-shaped feathers. 



8. YUNX. Bill roundish, slightly curved, weak : nostrils 



concave, without feathers: tongue very long, slender, 

 cylindrical, with a horny point : tail of 10 even soft 

 rounded feathers. 



9. Picus. Bill angular, straight, strong, wedge-shaped 



at the tip : nostrils covered with recumbent bristles : 

 tongue very long, cylindrical, with a horny jagged 

 point : tail of 10 stiff pointed feathers. 



ORDER III. PASSERES. 



jtiill conic, pointed : nostrils oval, pervious : toes slender, 3 



before and 1 behind : claics slender, curved. 



1 . With a thick conic bill. 



18. LOX.IA. Bill strong, convex, above and below, very 

 thick and rounded at the base; the lower mandible 

 bent in at the edge : nostrils small, round, at the base 

 of the bill : tongue entire, truncate. 



19. EMBERIZA. Eill strong, conic; the sides of each 

 mandible bending inwards ; the upper-one narrower, 

 with a hard gibbosity in the roof: tongue, pointed, 

 covered with a hard scale at the end. 



20. FRINGILLA. Bill perfectly conic, slender towards 

 the end,, pointed : tongue covered at the end with a 

 hard scale. 



2. Upper mandible a little bent at the point. 

 26. HIRUNDO. Bill short, small and a litte incurved at 

 the point, broad and depressed at the base : nostrils 



