'- : ?\ i*\ : ''- "Qrcwges. fond Lemons of India. 



with having transported the bitter orange from 

 Western India to Persia, Arabia, Syria, Northern 

 Africa, and Spain. The Arab physicians are known to 

 have used it in their pharmaceutical preparations. The 

 Arab name ndranj may or may not have been derived 

 from nagrung, the supposed Sanskrit name for orange. 



Sir J. Hooker, following Brandis, places the bitter 

 or Seville orange, as Var. 2, Bigaradia, of Citrus 

 aurantium, Linn., and says " petiole usually winged, 

 flowers larger, and more strongly scented (than those 

 of the sweet orange), rind very aromatic, pulp bitter." 

 And the original of which this is supposed to be 

 only a variety, he considers is C. aurantium, Linn. 

 " Arboreus, rarely shrubby, young shoots glabrous, 

 greenish white, leaflet elliptic or ovate, acute, obtuse 

 or acuminate ; petiole often broadly winged, flowers 

 pure white, bisexual, fruit globose, generally oblate, not 

 mammillate." He adds that the wild Citrus aurantium 

 is found in the " Lob valleys, along the foot of the 

 Himalaya, from Garwhal eastwards to Sikkim, and in 

 the Khasia Mountains a small slender tree, flowering 

 in the rains and fruiting after them, growing where I 

 found it, in the very bottoms of valleys, and where it 

 did not occur to me to doubt its being indigenous. 

 The fruit was somewhat flattened, or nearly globose, 

 about two in. diam., high-coloured, and uneatable, 

 being (if I remember aright) mawkish and bitter." 



It is not improbable, in my opinion, that the 

 description given above of the wild species belongs to 

 one section only of the orange tribe, viz., those which 

 are now semi-cultivated semi-wild in various places 

 along the .foot of the Himalayas. They appear to 

 belong to the suniara and kamala section. All these 

 have " a slender tree." As to their flowering in the 

 rains, almost all the Citrus flower twice ; some flower 



