1 6 Oranges and Lemons of India. 



nounced mammilla. The skin of the largest is upwards 

 of an inch thick. The pithy part is white, very soft and 

 spongy, and the pulp of those from Lahore and Gonda 

 is white, with an imaginary tinge of very indistinct 

 pale orange, while the pulp of that from Jubbulpore, 

 pi. 31, is pale orange-yellow. The seeds in all are 

 white, when cut, and the largest was seedless. Major 

 Buller says that the thick skin of the kathairee nimboo 

 is the only part which is eaten, the white part being 

 sweet. 



These citron-like fruits might, from a superficial 

 examination, be pronounced Citrons proper, but their 

 foliage is orange-like, and the pithy part of the skin 

 spongy, like that of the pummelo, while the same part 

 of all true Citrons is hard and of a dense carroty con- 

 sistence. The khatta Citrus is very distinct, and 

 cannot come under any of the other groups. In its 

 foliage, colour of rind, consistence of skin, and colour 

 of pulp, it is an orange ; in its flower and mammilla it is 

 a lemon or citron. Botanists say that the flower of the 

 true citron and its descendant, the lemon, are tinged 

 purple, and the fruit is mammillate, while the flowers of 

 the orange are pure white, and the fruit is generally 

 oblate. In the Benares garden I saw a true citron 

 tree, with citron foliage and pure white flowers ; and I 

 have seen an oblate specimen of a khatta fruit. Most 

 of the keonla and naringhi oranges have a flattened 

 mammilla. The jhambiri, a kind of Citrus, has one 

 variety with a yellow exterior like a lemon, and another 

 with a red exterior like an orange ; otherwise they are 

 indistinguishable. The khatta has had time enough 

 to sport and revert, having been, from time immemo- 

 rial, raised from seed, and it must have had infinite 

 chances of becoming crossed with other Citrus ; yet 

 its characters are very constant, and, with the excep- 



