46 Oranges and Lemons of India. 



(C. aurantium sinense, Gallesio), and the Suntara 

 type (C. aurantium sinense of Rumphius).* 



If this type of orange were obtainable on the 

 Western coast of India, at the same time that the 

 Arabs took from there the Seville orange further 

 West, they would have probably also taken it, 

 although the Seville orange is, perhaps, one of the 

 hardiest known varieties. 



If it were easily obtainable in China or elsewhere, at 

 the time the Portuguese introduced the C. aurantium 

 sinense into Portugal, they probably would have 

 introduced this also. 



There is evidence, however, that the suntara type 

 of orange did not get to Europe till much later ; as I 

 said, Risso, in his monograph, gives only two plates of 

 what I look upon as this type of orange. 



(a.) Bigaradier chinois (pi. 94, fig. /). Leaves 

 small, oval-acute ; fruit small, round, oblate at the base, 

 slightly depressed at the summit, reddish yellow ; skin 

 thickish and spongy, lightly adherent to the pulp, 

 which has large vesicles, divided into eight quarters ; 

 juice acid, and slightly bitter. In South Europe it 

 resists the winters. In August the fruit is collected 

 to candy it. In Paris it is very rare, as the demand 

 for it is small. 



The Hazara orange of India (pi. 94, figs, a to d\ a 

 sour kind, would fit into Risso's description of the 

 foregoing. 



(b.) Bigaradier a feuille de myrte (pi. 117, fig./). 

 Leaves very numerous, closely set, and almost im- 

 bricated on the branches, about the size of myrtle 

 leaves ; flowers small ; fruit round, reddish yellow, 

 shiny, chagrined by the oil cells ; pulp in six or eight 

 quarters, with a sweet juice, and only slight acidity. 

 * For aurantium sinense of Rumphius, see Appendix 41 (/). 



