290 Appendix. 



the other varieties of citrus, including the kaghzi nimboo 

 or lime, did not come to India, originally from the Malay 

 archipelago.) 



(<:.) The following dates may also be of service. 



" The Portuguese (Vasco de Gama) discovered the Cape 

 route in 1497." " Haydn's Dictionary." 



" Vasco de Gama arrived at Calicut in 1498 A.D." Pioneer 

 Mail, 26 January, 1887. 



"First Portuguese settlement in Cochin, in 1502." 

 " Haydn's Dictionary." 



" A celebrated commander, Almeida, landed in Ceylon, in 

 1505 A.D., and assisted the Cinghalese against the Arabs, 

 who harassed the island. The Dutch ultimately expelled 

 the Portuguese, and took the town and fortress of Colombo 

 in 1656 A.D. The Dutch took Cochin in 1663." Pioneer 

 Mail, 26 January, 1887. 



"Conquest of India by Sultan Baber in 1519-26." 

 " Haydn's Dictionary." 



"The Dutch visit India in 1601 ; and establish a United 

 E. I. Co. in 1602." 



"French E. I. Co. established in 1664." "Haydn's Dic- 

 tionary." 



It appears that in the sixteenth century, the Portuguese 

 possessed a number of settlements on the coasts of India, 

 such as Diu (1510 A.D.), S. of Gujerat (this was surprised 

 and plundered by the Muscat Arabs in 1670); Goa (1510 

 A.D.) ; Mangalore (1528); (this was the resort of Arabian 

 vessels from early times) ; Negapatam (1528) ; (this was taken 

 by the Dutch in 1660, and made the capital of their settle- 

 ments on the Coromandel coast); Bombay (1530 A.D.) ; 

 Bassein (1532); Daman, further north (1534). The Portu- 

 guese had also factories and influence at Honore, Canara, 

 Calicut, Ouilon, Masulipatam, and St. Thome Bandel, close to 

 Hughli, they obtained in 1599. Akbar allowed them to build 

 a church in Lahore, and patronized them at Agra, and in his 

 time they also settled in Dacca. So that in the sixteenth 

 century the Portuguese not only almost monopolized th< 

 trade all along the coasts of India, but appear to have hac 

 great influence in the interior of India also, and the trade oi 

 their ships between India, and their possessions in the Malay 



