29 2 Appendix. 



"Java reached by the Portuguese in 1511, and by the 

 Dutch in 1595." 



"Philippine Islands discovered by Magellan in 1521." 



" Manilla became the capital of the Spanish possession* 

 in the Philippines in 1570." 



" First commercial adventure from England in India was 

 in 1591." 



" English factories established at Surat in 1612, and Cal- 

 cutta purchased in 1698." " Haydn's Dictionary." 



No. 40 (A). 



An interesting Discovery (Homeward Mail, loth October, 

 1887, p. 967):- 



" Mr. James, the Port Officer of Paumban, was lately on a 

 tour of inspection of the Kilakarai channel. He found the 

 beach strewn with broken pottery, earthenware, china, etc. 

 On inquiry, he found that it was from an old town, which 

 existed there in the time of the Pandyan kings. Coins were 

 often found washed out by the sea, and several were given to 

 Mr. James, some of which are Grecian, Roman, Arab, etc. 

 He sent them to the Collector of Tanjore. According to 

 Bishop Caldwell, Kilakarai is the place where Marco Polo 

 first landed in India." 



Supposing that the above is accurate, it confirms what 

 Reinaud said that Greeks, Romans, and Arabs all traded 

 with India and China. There was, therefore, ample oppor- 

 tunities for disseminating the different kinds of citrus grown 

 in China, and taking them to the different places on the way 

 between China and Egypt and Syria. Those that could be 

 carried furthest would naturally be those that had the thickest 

 skins, such as the citron, the Pomum Adami (shaddock) of 

 Palestine, and the Seville orange. There can hardly be any 

 doubt that in those days the seed was carried in the fruit. It 

 is said the seed will not germinate if removed from the fruit 

 and kept long, but about this we do not know much. 



