Appendix. 301 



lemons ;* four or five inches long ; two inches broad ; and 

 their edges inwardly inclined. They have short spines in 

 young trees at the insertion of the leaves, and long ones in 

 the old trees ; whitef flowers, larger than in other species, 



with five long and thick petals, with feeble scent The 



fruit is of two forms, which, for the sake of distinction, I 

 divide into wild and cultivated. The wild form is very 

 common, with a shape like that of the Spanish lemon,J but a 

 little larger ; oblong, broad towards the stalk, and ending in 

 a mammilla. Here and there its skin has warts ; the rest, 

 however, is smooth and yellow. Its fruit is about five inches 

 long and four broad. Near the stalk it is tubercular and un- 

 even. The skin is nearly of a finger's thickness ; fungous 

 without any sulphurous scent like other lemons ; but in- 

 sipid, an-d scarcely edible. The pulp is very small, and 

 hardly occupies half the fruit ; it is white, juicy, and acid, 

 as in others ; but not so pleasant. Hence, it is used as a 

 condiment only when others are not procurable. 



" The fruit of the cultivated variety is double the size of 

 the foregoing, resembling a melon about a foot long, and 

 six inches across. Some, indeed, are a little smaller and 

 more warty than the wild one, and also terminate in a 

 mammilla. The colour is not citrine but pale, and approach- 

 ing more to green. Its skin is an inch thick. The pulp, 

 however, is like that of the wild one, but its flavour is 

 more vinous, and its skin more juicy and harder than that 

 of the wild one, and very good for preserving. 



" In Latin it is called Malum Citrium. In Malay Lemon 

 Sussu, that is Limo mammosus (like a mamma). In Belgian 

 Citroenen. In Portuguese Cidra. In Amboynese, in 

 4 Hitoea/ Ussu wale, that is Limo repens, resembling a 

 rope, on account of the long and flaccid branches. In 

 Banda Usse Ala, that is Lemon Bras, or Li-no orizarius" 



"It is well (Rumphius goes on to say) here to mention a 

 philological discourse on the origin of the word Citrus by 



* It is well to remember that Rumphius uses the generic name of 

 lemons for all kinds of Citrus. 



t Here are citron trees with white flowers, instead of purplish. 



J It is evident that in the days of Rumphius a lemon probably the 

 same as the modern Sicilian and Malta lemon, and that of the London 

 shops was already known over Europe as the " Spanish lemon." 



