Appendix. 325 



viz., that " the pulp of the common orange (Aur. vulgare) is 

 sour " Ferrar.-Hesper., 377, and Boerh. Ind. H. L. B., p. 239, 

 where see other varieties, also in many other authors quoted 

 in Sloan. Catal., pi. Jamaic., p. 210, and the elegant figure in 

 Blackwel. Herbal, Tab. 349, &c. 



This kind is also described by Valent. in Amboin., p. 190, 

 under the name of Lemon Hitam. (Vide pi. I, figs a and b 

 of Atlas.) 



(Nota bene. The variety first described and the picture 

 agree completely with the characters of the Seville orange. 

 Although often the Seville is rough and subwarty, especially 

 round the apex, I have met with specimens in South India 

 which are spherical, and almost smooth. In Lucknow, the 

 Seville orange called ndranj, is often as smooth and shiny as 

 an apple. 'Moreover, from Pertabghur, Oudh, I received a 

 specimen which was rather ovoid, like an egg orange. Rum- 

 phius only mentions the use of this bitter orange for punch, for 

 cleaning copper, and for washing the head and the body ; also 

 for preparing the Cassomba dye. He makes no mention of its 

 being used in any way for preserves, so that it is likely the 

 Chinese did not use it as a preserve either ; otherwise, the 

 Chinese residents would probably have imported this art into 

 the islands of the archipelago. The tincture of bitter 

 orange peel is probably of Arab origin, as they were not 

 only acquainted with alcohol, but they used the bitter orange 

 in their Pharmacopoeia. I have never read or heard who it 

 was that first made candied orange peel, and marmalade out 

 of this orange. The Chinese preserved other kinds of citrus 

 in various ways, and probably the idea was taken from them. 

 The extraction of essences from its flowers, leaves, and peel, 

 was probably of a much later period.) 



(/) Chap. 42, p. 113, vol. ii. 



"Aurantium Sinense. 



" Lemon Manis Tsjina. 



"Dutch Sineese Orange-appell Boom. 



" These fruits, by all the common people of Amboyna, 

 are considered indigenous ; but it would be better to group 

 them with the other Chinese oranges, chiefly for the following 

 reasons : This tree is slightly taller than the preceding 



