Appendix. 353 



of Alexandria. The latter appeared to have obtained this 

 variety from his home in Smyrna. He says " It may be 

 obtained by grafting the embryos of a lemon, a citron, and 

 an orange in the following manner : 



" One of the three seeds is wholly skinned, so as to lay 

 the embryo quite bare. Each of the other two is half- 

 skinned, the skin being removed from one side only. This 

 being done, the naked embryo (or naked seed, according to 

 Lindley) is placed between the two others so as to be in con- 

 tact with their skinned sides, and the whole are bound to- 

 gether with fine grass. They are then planted, and ulti- 

 mately the trifacial fruit in question is borne." (! ?) 



The mode of producing this variation appears to me an 

 oriental myth, which may possibly have originated in the fact 

 that one* orange or lemon seed often contains three or more 

 buds, and in germinating, produces three or more young 

 plants in close contact. This is a well-known and common 

 thing in citrus seeds. 



Risso and Poiteau in their monograph of the citrus give a 

 picture of the Bigaradier Bizarrerie, which I have repro- 

 duced in pi. 259, c and d. It is, in my opinion, no other than 

 this so-called trifacial orange, but the theory of its origin is 

 different. 



" According to Pierre Nato, a physician of Florence, this 

 'Bizarria' occured thus: A seedling of the Seville was 

 grafted (with what variety is not stated). Its strange charac- 

 ters were noticed in 1644. It was supposed that the graft 

 failed (manque a la greffe\ and the gardener omitted to 

 re-graft it. It threw up a shoot below the graft, which eventu- 

 ally produced this ' Bizarria.' " Other cases of " Bizarria " are 

 quoted as having occurred elsewhere. 



This " Bizarria " orange is said to have been subject to 

 many variations. It flowered twice a year, some flowers 

 were white, resulting in either SeVilles, or sweet oranges ; 

 more frequently, it had dull white flowers, resulting in mixed 

 fruits, or flowers tinged purple, resulting in citrons. 



Sometimes the citron influence was limited to the rind 

 only ; sometimes it affected the pulp also. Sometimes a tree 

 which gave mixed fruits for some time, ended by giving only 

 simple ones. A variety of " Bizarria " in Nice gave all the 



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