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down into the sub-soil out of the reach of the roots 

 of the plants. 



Provided that* the land is k3pt well cultivated, 

 newly-planted trees do not require more than from 

 15 inches to 20 inches of irrigation water the first 

 season. When once established and before they 

 come into bearing, trees planted on sandy land can 

 be kept in vigorous health on 15 inches and under of 

 irrigation water per annum. One of the greatest 

 mistakes often made by newcomers on irrigation 

 areas is in watering too heavily. On most of the 

 irrigation settlements the regulations formulated by 

 the governing authorities permit the individual 

 irrigationist to use up to 24 inches of water per acre ; 

 but these regulations are not always enforced, with 

 the result that inexperienced irrigationists often put 

 far more water on to their land than is good for it. 

 Seepage, the greatest foe the irrigationist has to fear, 

 is more often brought about by excessive or careless 

 watering than by any other means. Experience has 

 shown that 24 acre inches per annum is amply suf- 

 ficient for vines and trees in full bearing, and that 

 with good cultivation it is possible to obtain the 

 heaviest crops with considerably less water than this. 



SOME EXPERIMENTS IN IRRIGATION. 



To give practical illustrations of the results that 

 may be obtained by an economical use of water 

 combined with thorough cultivation , the writer hopes 

 that he may be pardoned by here introducing the 

 results of a few experiments made at his plantation, 

 which is situated on the uplands of Berri. 



For irrigation purposes, the citrus plantation was 

 divided into three different sections, each section 

 receiving different amounts of water. . Meter read- 

 ings were not kept until the trees were in their third 

 year. Naming the sections A, B, and 0, the irriga- 

 tion records are as follows : 



