PREFACE 



An important article on Animal Chemistry in this Cyclopedia (PROTEINE) 

 was contributed by a young and rising chemist, JOHN E. BOWMAN, whose brief 

 career sufficed to impress his friends with a strong sense of the serious loss 

 which society and science experienced by his early removal. His acute and 

 well-cultivated intellect would have done much for chemistry had his life 

 been prolonged, or had he even enjoyed, during its short span, an ordinary 

 amount of health. But his last few years were greatly marred in their use- 

 fulness by a singular chronic malady, which slowly undermined his vital 

 powers, and greatly limited his ability for active exertion, whether bodily or 

 mental. Nevertheless, he has left two works which, although of small size, 

 are of considerable practical utility to the chemical student ; the one devoted 

 to practical chemistry, the other to chemistry in its application to practical 

 medicine. 



The Editor takes this opportunity of acknowledging his obligations to 

 gentlemen who, at different periods, rendered him the most efficient assistance 

 in superintending the passing of the work through the press, and in other 

 matters connected with his province. 



Dr. ROBERT WILLIS, formerly of London, now extensively engaged in 

 medical practice at Barnes in Surrey, for many years took an active part 

 in the superintendence of the printing of the work, and contributed largely 

 to the Bibliography appended to most of the articles, as he was so well 

 qualified to do by his extensive knowledge of books. Dr. Willis also con- 

 tributed the article ANIMAL. Upon his retirement, the Editor derived 

 similar valuable assistance from his friend and former pupil, Mr. S. ROOD 

 PITTARD, who also contributed several articles. And, subsequently, Dr, 

 HYDE SALTER, now well-known, and of deservedly high reputation as a 

 Physiologist and Physician, kindly afforded his aid in the same way, as well 

 as by his valuable contributions of the articles PANCREAS and TONGUE. 



This seems the fitting place to state that it has been found necessary, in 

 a few instances, to depart from the strict alphabetical arrangement, either by 

 placing articles under names not commonly used, or by clubbing together two 

 or more subjects, to which it would appear, at first, more natural to have de- 

 voted separate articles. The necessity for such modifications arose out of 



