704 



HERMAPHRODITISM. 



of the pelvis represented in jig. 296, in which 

 s marks the divided symphysis pubis, and p the 



Fig. 296. 



peritonaeum. The os vaginae shewed no vestiges 

 of the membrane of the hymen, or, in other 

 words, was without carunculae myrtiformes. 

 The canal of the vagina (fig. 296, v) was about 

 two inches long, but without rugae, and it ter- 

 minated internally in a completely blind extre- 

 mity or cul-de-sac. The uterus was entirely 

 wanting, as were also the Fallopian tubes and 

 uterine ligaments. 



The internal organs of reproduction were, 

 on the other hand, completely male. The two 

 testicles (fig. 295, g g) were situated in the 

 region of the pubis, and were scarcely clear of 

 the inguinal rings. They were of the usual 

 ovoid figure, and natural in size. They had 

 internally the structure of the tubuli seminiferi, 

 but it was not well developed. The spermatic 

 cords were quite normal both in regard to their 

 composition and the origin and course of their 

 bloodvessels. The right spermatic artery (fig. 

 295, 1) arose, as usual, from the renal, and 

 the corresponding vein (w), after forming the 

 pampiniform plexus (7c), opened into the vena 

 cava inferior ; while on the left side the artery 

 (/) arose from the aorta, and the vein (m) ter- 

 minated in the left emulgent. The epididymes 

 of the testes were also of the usual vermiform 

 figure, and the corresponding vasa deferentia 

 (fig. 295 & 296 h h) coursed towards their vesi- 

 culae seminales (fig. 296, j), and terminated in 

 an attenuated membranous expansion without 

 any external aperture or ducti ejaculatorii. 

 The vesiculae seminales (see the left one ; in 

 fig. 296) were placed between the urinary blad- 

 der (o) and rectum (r) ; they were smaller and 

 more shrunk than those of the adult male, 

 though certainly they preserved their naturally 

 oblong form. Their internal hollow or tubular 

 structure was indistinct. The prostate gland 

 was not present. The urinary bladder (o) and 

 ureters (n n), the rectum (r), and the other 

 intestinal viscera, with the abdominal blood- 

 vessels (s, the aorta, t, the vena cava, fig. 295) 

 seem to have been all quite natural. 



The head of the above individual was of the 

 usual size, the neck long, and the stature 

 ordinary. The periphery of the thorax was so 



expanded as almost to equal that of the male, 

 notwithstanding the presence of well pro- 

 nounced mammae. The face, although entirely 

 free from hair, had yet neither the expression 

 of that of a female nor of a male, but shewed 

 more of that mixed character which is seen in 

 the eunuch. The pelvis was altogether that of 

 a male in its form and dimensions, and the 

 limbs were perfectly masculine. According to 

 information collected after death, the voice was 

 deep, and the temperament strong and firm. 

 Though there was never any menstruation, yet, 

 from being constantly employed in domestic 

 occupation, the mental character was feminine, 

 and the married state had been willingly entered 

 into. 



2. Transverse hermaphroditism with the ex- 

 ternal sexual organs of the male type. The 

 male organs that are present consist of the 

 penis, which is provided with a regular formed 

 prepuce, glans, corpora cavernosa, and corpus 

 spongiosum, with the urethra perforating it, 

 and of the prostate gland, verumontanum, &c. 

 The co-existing female organs are the ovaries, 

 the Fallopian tubes with their infundibula, and 

 the uterus. 



We are not aware of any recorded instances 

 of this variety of hermaphroditic malformation 

 among the lower animals. We have already, 

 under the head of spurious hermaphroditism 

 in the female from enlargement of the clitoris, 

 &c., mentioned several cases, in which, from 

 excessive developement, the external organs in 

 women had assumed some of the characters of 

 the corresponding parts in man ; but the two 

 following cases described by Professors Esch- 

 richt of Copenhagen, and Bouillaud of Paris, 

 present instances of malformation in which the 

 more exterior sexual organs were all formed 

 upon the male, and the internal upon the 

 female type. 



a. The subject of the case described by 

 Eschricht* was a twin child that died very 

 shortly after birth, and in whom the external 

 sexual organs were of the male type, and the 

 internal female. The penis (fig. 297, a) and 

 scrotum (/>) were well developed, but the usual 

 raphe seen upon the latter was absent. The 

 urethral canal of the glans and body of the 

 penis was pervious throughout, and admitted 

 of a sound being easily passed into the bladder. 

 The glans was remarkably thin and slender. 

 The prepuce could be easily pushed back. No 

 testicles could be felt in the scrotum, and in- 

 ternally there was an uterus with Fallopian 

 tubes and ovaries. The uterus (c) was about 

 an inch in length, and had the general form 

 presented by this organ in female infants. It 

 contained a cavity marked with rugae, but had 

 no orifice inferiorly, nor any vagina attached 

 to it. Its blind or imperforate neck was firmly 

 attached to the posterior walls of the urinary 

 bladder (g), while its fundus was directed very 

 obliquely downwards and over to the left side. 

 From the left side of the fundus of the uterus 

 a twisted Fallopian tube (d) proceeded, having 



* Muller's Archiv fuer Anatomic, &c. 1836, 

 Heft ii. 



