IJERMAPIIRODITISM. 



707 



nation of individual cases. We reserve this 

 important subject for special consideration 

 under a separate head, where we shall endea- 

 vour to shew the numerous sources 'of error 

 with which the observation of individual ex- 

 amples and varieties of complex hermaphro- 

 ditism is beset. 



1. Jfale vesiculfc seminales, $c. superadded 

 to organs of a female sexual type. In this first 

 genus of double hermaphroditism we find two 

 female ovaries, or bodies resembling ovaries, 

 and an imperfect uterus co-existing with two 

 male vesiculae seminales, which are occasion- 

 ally accompanied also with rudiments of the 

 vasa deferentia. One of the free-martins de- 

 scribed by Mr. Hunter* is referable to this 

 variety of double hermaphroditism. The ex- 

 ternal genital organs and mammae resembled 

 those of the cow, but were smaller in size. 

 The vagina, beyond the opening of the urethra 

 into it, was, with the uterus itself, impervious. 

 The imperfect uterus divided into two horns, 

 at the end of which were the ovaria. On each 

 side of the uterus there was an interrupted vas 

 deferens broken off in several places ; and be- 

 tween the bladder and vagina these vasa de- 

 ferentia terminated in two vesiculoe seminales. 

 The ducts from the vesiculae and the vasa de- 

 ferentia opened into the vagina. In this in- 

 stance we have all the female organs present, 

 but imperfect in their development ; and at the 

 same time there is superadded to them a tubu- 

 lar structure, formed, according to Mr. Hun- 

 ter's opinion, of the male vesiculae seminales 

 and vasa deferentia. 



We have met with a free-martin cow, in 

 which upon dissection we found an arrange- 

 ment of sexual parts very similar to that 

 described in the preceding case. The uterus, 

 however, though small, was pervious for a 

 distance of some inches above the vagina; 

 and at the abdominal end of each blind Fal- 

 lopian tube there was a dilated sac of con- 

 siderable size lined by peritonaeum, and open- 

 ing into the abdominal cavity by a small orifice. 

 These sacs we considered as abortive attempts 

 at the formation of the fimbriated extremities. 

 The imperfect bodies which we considered as 

 testicles were placed near the cavities which 

 we mention, in the situation of the ovaries. 

 They were small in size, and of an oblong 

 shape. On a section being made of them, 

 they shewed internally a kind of dense ho- 

 mogeneous yellow tissue, dotted or crossed 

 with strongly marked white lines. The vasa 

 deferentia could be traced along each side of 

 the uterus in the form of broken dense cords. 

 The vesiculae seminales were large and partially 

 hollow, and near them on each side there was 

 an oblong body of considerable size, having 

 the appearance of Cowper's glands. The tubes 

 from them, and from the vesiculae seminales, 

 opened near the os tincae into a vagina of nearly 

 the usual size. 



2. An imperfect female uterus, fyc. super- 

 added to a sexual organization essentially male. 



* See An. Econ. p. 64. Mr. Well's free-martin. 



In the cases included under this second 

 division of double hermaphroditism there exist 

 a male testicle, or testicles, vasa deferentia, 

 and vesiculae seminales, along with a female 

 uterus. The uterus occupies its normal situ- 

 ation between the bladder and rectum. It is 

 sometimes defectively developed, and of a 

 membranous structure; and occasionally it is 

 not provided with Fallopian tubes, or, in the 

 quadruped, with cornua. The cavity of the 

 uterus communicates with a vagina that either 

 opens in its usual situation externally, or, as 

 happens more frequently, joins the male ure- 

 thra. In some cases the vagina is wanting, 

 and the uterus opens directly into the canal of 

 the urethra. 



Several cases of sexual malformation in the 

 ram, goat, and dog referable to this variety of 

 double hermaphroditism have been described 

 by different authors; and various analogous 

 instances have now also been observed in the 

 human subject 



In a lamb described and delineated by Mr. 

 Thomas,* all the external parts were male, but 

 the scrotum was divided or hypospadic. In- 

 ternally there were two perfect male testicles 

 in the situation of the ovaries, with their epidi- 

 dymes, vasa deferentia, and vesiculae seminales ; 

 and a well-formed two-horned uterus furnished 

 with its usual ligaments, and with Fallopian 

 tubes that ran up and terminated in a tortuous 

 convoluted manner upon the testicles. The 

 body of the uterus possessed the common rugose 

 structure, but the horns were lined by a smooth 

 membrane without their usual glandular bodies 

 internally. At the anterior extremity of the 

 fundus uteri, a thick semilunar valve, which 

 seemed to correspond to the os tincae, passed 

 across and hardly allowed a fine probe to be 

 entered over its upper edge. The vagina 

 scarcely existed, and formed only a short 

 smooth pouch terminating below in a cul-de- 

 sac. The male vesiculaa seminales and vasa 

 deferentia entered the male urethra in their 

 normal situation at the caput gallinaginis. 



Gurltf has described and delineated the 

 sexual parts of a goat in which all the inter- 

 nal male genital organs, with the exception 

 of Cowper's glands, were found (jig. 300). 

 There was also present an uterus (e) provided 

 with long but narrow and curved cornua (ff), 

 that accompanied the vasa deferentia and tes- 

 ticles through the abdominal rings, and ended 

 blind at the epididymes. The testicles lay 

 externally upon the udder, which was of con- 

 siderable size. The scrotum was absent; the 

 penis (g) was short, tortuous, and imperforate ; 

 and there was a fissure in the perinaeum into 

 which the urethra (/<) opened. 



StellatiJ has recorded an analogous case in 

 the same animal. The male sexual organs 



* LondonMed. and Phys. Journ. vol. ii. (1799), 

 p. 1, with a good drawing of the malformed organs 

 of generation. 



t Lehrbuch der Pathol. Anat. Bd. ii. s. 195. 

 pi. ix. fig. 1 & 2, and pi. xxii. fig. 3 & 4. 



\ Atti del Real Instit. d'lucoragg. alle Sc. Nat 

 Naples, torn. iii. p. 380. 



3A2 



