708 



HERMAPHRODITISM. 



Fig. 300. 



a a, the testicles ; b b, epididymes ; c c, vasa defe- 

 rentia ; d d, vesiculae seminales. 



were not entirely complete, and there were 

 superadded to them a female vagina and an 

 imperfectly developed uterus, the Fallopian 

 tubes of which ran towards the inguinal rings, 

 and terminated with them upon the epididymes 

 of the testicles. 



Another instance of hermaphroditic malfor- 

 mation in the goat, detailed at great length by 

 Meckel,* seems also in its principal points 

 justly referable to the present division of cases, 

 although there was at the same time a tendency, 

 in the unequal size of the two cornua uteri, 

 &c., to a degree of lateral hermaphroditism. 



Professor Mayer, of Bonn,f has detailed at 

 length the dissection of three hermaphroditic 



goats, in all of which the conformation of the 

 sexual parts resembled in its more essential 

 parts the preceding cases of Thomas and Gurlt. 

 In all the three instances there were found two 

 male testicles with their epididymes, vasa de- 

 ferentia, and vesiculse seminales ; and at the 

 same time there was present a well-marked 

 female two-homed uterus, with a vagina open- 

 ing into the urethra. In the first case the large 

 hollow cornua uteri terminated in blind ex- 

 tremities, and there were only very short im- 

 pervious rudiments of the Fallopian tubes. 

 In the second case, at the extremity of the 

 right horn of the uterus, a blind appendicula 

 was situated, formed by a vestige (according 

 to Mayer) of the Fallopian tube ; and from 

 this a ligament was sent off to the correspond- 

 ing testicle ; a similar ligament, but no appen- 

 dicula, existed on the left side. In the third 

 case both Fallopian tubes were present, and 

 each ended in a bursa formed by the lamina of 

 the peritonaeum, and partly surrounding the 

 testicle and epididymes. In two of the in- 

 stances the ejaculatory ducts seem to have 

 opened into the urethra near the point at which 

 the vagina terminated in it ; and in one of the 

 cases they opened into the canal of the vagina 

 itself before it joined that of the urethra. All 

 the external organs were male, but malformed 

 in so far that the penis was short, and in two 

 of the cases somewhat twisted; and the scrotum 

 was either small or wanting. 



The same author* has described the dis- 

 section of a dog, the sexual organs of which 

 exhibited a similar variety of hermaphroditic 

 malformation. The Fallopian tubes were per- 

 vious throughout in this instance, and at their 

 further extremities opened upon the neigh- 

 bouring cellular tissue. The body of the two- 

 horned uterus was very small. On compres- 

 sing the epididymes and vasa deferentia, a fluid 

 resembling semen issued from the openings of 

 the latter into the urethra. The external sexual 

 parts were those of a hypospadic male. 



Several cases of hermaphroditic malforma- 

 tion in the human subject, similar in their 

 anatomical characters to the preceding, have 

 been described by Columbus, Harvey, Petit, 

 Ackermann, and Mayer. 



a. In a person with external hypospadic 

 male organs, Columbusf found two bodies like 

 testicles in the situation of the ovaries, and 

 larger in size than the latter female organs na- 

 turally are. From each of these testiform 

 bodies two sets of tubes arose, one of which, 

 like the male vasa deferentia, passed on to the 

 root of the penis and opened into the urethra ; 

 while the other, like the female Fallopian tubes, 

 were inserted into an uterus. The prostate 

 gland was absent. 



b. Harvey J has mentioned a very small her- 

 maphroditic embryo, on which he found a 

 two-horned uterus with two testicles of a very 



* R il's Archiv fuer die Physiologic, Bd. xi. * Ib. p. 16. tab. iv. fig. 3, external parts of 



s. 334-8. generation ; fig. 4, internal. 



t Icones Select. Praeparat. Mus. Anat. Bonn. t De Re Anat. lib. xv. 

 p. 17-20. tab. iv. fig. 5, and tab. v. figs. 1,2, & 3. $ De Gen. Anim. Exerc. Ixix. p. 304. 



