HERMAPHRODITISM. 



711 



was furnished with a corresponding multilocular 

 vesicula seminalis (</ d}. Of the internal fe- 

 male sexual organs there were found a perfectly 

 developed uterus (e e}, with its broad (n u) 

 and round (o <>) ligaments naturally formed 

 and placed, and provided with two Fallopian 

 tubes (/./') that followed the course of the 

 testicles through the inguinal canals, and a va- 

 gina (g) which opened into the urethra (A) near 

 its external orifice. The ejaculatory ducts of 

 the male vesiculse seminales opened into this 

 vagina at / and m. The internal surface of 

 the vagina was already beginning to present 

 the appearance of its usual rugae. The cavity 

 of the uterus was triangular, and exhibited on 

 the internal part of the cervix its characteristic 

 plicated or arborescent structure. The Fallo- 

 pian tubes were, at their uterine orifices, of a 

 large caliber; their cavity afterwards became 

 suddenly contracted, and then again dilated, 

 and terminated at their ulterior extremities, 

 where they lay in contact with the testicles at 

 the external inguinal rings, in blind sacs (i t), 

 without any very distinct appearance of fim- 

 briae. The external genital parts in this very 

 interesting case were of a doubtful nature, 

 being referable either to those of a hypospadic 

 male, or of a female with a large clitoris, but 

 without nymphae, the meatus urinarius being in 

 its normal situation, but leading behind to the 

 cavities of both the urinary bladder and uterus. 

 The circle of the pelvic bones was large. 



i. The two other instances described by 

 Mayer occurred in adult subjects, and the mal- 

 formation in both of them differed from that 

 found in the cases just now cited in this, that 

 there was only one testicle present along with 

 the imperfect uterus. 



The subject of one of these cases* was a 

 person who died at the age of eighteen, and 

 whose external sexual organs were those of a 

 hypospadic male, with a narrow perinatal canal 

 or fissure. On dissection this perinaeal canal 

 was found to communicate anteriorly with 

 the urethra, and posteriorly with a vagina of two 

 inches and nine lines in length, and five or six 

 lines in caliber. The anterior and posterior 

 column of rugae belonging to the vagina was 

 only slightly marked. Its canal led to a 

 large dilated uterus, the superior part of which 

 was unfortunately cut away with some dis- 

 eased viscera before the genital organs were 

 examined; but, from the portion" left, this 

 organ seemed to resemble the uterus of quad- 

 rupeds in its oblong form, and in the thinness 

 of its walls, which were composed of a caver- 

 nous fibro-vascular texture, and full of lacunae. 

 The usual arborescent appearance of the inter- 

 nal surface of the os uteri was very perfectly 

 marked. Besides these female organs, there 

 was a well-formed male prostate gland at the 

 neck of the bladder ; and behind the abdomi- 

 nal ring of the right side, a small roundish 

 body, similar in form and texture to the testi- 

 cle, and having the cremaster muscle adhering 

 to* its membranous involucrum. There were 

 no traces of any similar organ on the left side. 



* Jconcs, p. 11. tiib iii. fig. 3 aud 4. 



On both sides some portions of a canal were 

 seen, but whether they were the remains 

 of the vasa deferentia or Fallopian tubes was 

 not ascertained on account of the previous 

 mutilation of the uterus. On each side of the 

 neck of the uterus there was placed a vesicula 

 seminalis, provided with an ejaculatory duct 

 that opened into the orifice of the vagina. 

 The dimensions of the pelvis approached much 

 nearer to those of the female than those of the 

 male. In the secondary sexual characters of 

 the individual, the female type was further re- 

 cognised in the want of prominence in the 

 larynx, in the slender form of the neck, and 

 (according to Professor Mayer) in the rounded 

 shape also of the heart, the smallness of the 

 lungs, the oblong shape of the stomach, the 

 large size of the liver, the narrowness of the 

 forehead, and the conformation of the brain ; 

 while the individual approximated, on the 

 other hand, to the male in the length and posi- 

 tion of the inferior extremities, in the breadth 

 of the thorax, the undeveloped state of the 

 mammas and the hairy condition of their pa- 

 pillae, and in the existence of a slender beard 

 upon the chin and cheeks. 



j. In the second adult subject (a person of 

 eighty years of age) Mayer* found, on the left 

 side of the cavity of the abdomen, and near 

 the inguinal ring, a small oval body exhibiting 

 imperfectly in its internal structure the tubular 

 texture of the male testicle, and having an 

 appendix resembling the epididymis attached 

 to it. From this testicle arose a vas deferens, 

 which was joined in its course by a vesicula 

 seminalis, and ended in an ejaculatory duct 

 On the opposite or right side a vesicula semina- 

 lis, having no continuous cavity, was present ; 

 but no vestige of a corresponding testicle, vas 

 deferens, or ejaculatory duct could be disco- 

 vered. The prostate gland was present, and 

 regularly formed. In the cavity of the pelvis 

 an uterus was found with parietes of moderate 

 thickness, and of the usual cavernous texture; 

 its cervix was marked internally with the appear- 

 ance of the natural arborescent rugae. Inferiorly 

 it opened into a narrow membranous vagina, 

 that received the right ejaculatory duct, then 

 passed through the body of the prostate, and 

 latterly joined the canal of the urethra. The 

 fundus of the uterus could not be examined, as 

 it had been removed in a previous stage of the 

 dissection. The external parts were male and 

 naturally formed, with the exception of the 

 penis, which was shorter than usual, and had 

 the canal of the urethra fissured inferiorly, and 

 the meatus urinarius situated at its root. The 

 individual was during life regarded as a male, 

 but had all along remained in a state of celi- 

 bacy. The general appearance of the face and 

 body was that of an imperfectly marked male, 

 but the pelvis was broad like that of a female. 

 3. Co-existence of female ovaries and male 

 testicles. This third division of complex or 

 double hermaphroditism includes all those cases 

 in which a male testicle and female ovary exist 

 together either upon one side only, or upon 



* Iconcs, p. 15, t : ib. iv. fijt. 1 aud 2. 



